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4th year > Goats > Flashcards

Goats Flashcards

1
Q

What licensed products are there for goats?

A 
Lethobarb 20%
Pentobarbitol
Oxytocin
Coxevac and Gudair
Sterilised water
Baytril
Eprinex
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2
Q

Do goats develop age dependent resistance to worms, like sheep?

A

No so housed all year round

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3
Q

What must a goat be registered by and issued with, even if a pet?

A

Registered via local DEFRO AHDO
Issued a holding number
Issued an ear tag number

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4
Q

What type of eater are goats?

A

Browsers

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5
Q

Which Clostridial diseases are most important in goats? What are they caused by?

A

Enterotoxaemia - C perfringens type D

Tetanus - C tetani

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6
Q

Clinical signs of enterotoxaemia in goats?

A

Peracute with rapid death

Sub-acute - profuse scour +/- dysentery

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7
Q

Trigger factors for enterotoxaemia in goats?

A

Acidosis - result of overfeeding compound or cereals
Sudden change in diet - housing/turnout?
Stress - bullying, concurrent illness/injury

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8
Q

Treatment of enterotoxaemia in goats?

A 
Largely symptomatic
IV or oral fluids
NSAIDs
Analgesia - Rimadyl?
Charcoal/bismuth
Keep warm and stimulated
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9
Q

Long term prevention of enterotoxaemia in goats?

A

Vaccination - 4 in 1 vaccine

Regular booster doses (6, 4 or even 3 monthly)

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10
Q

Clinical diseases caused by Listeria in goats?

A

Encephalitis
Septicaemia and sudden death
Abortion

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11
Q

Diagnosis of encephalitis and septicaemia/sudden death caused by Listeria?

A

Clinical signs
CSF examination
Haematology
Path/histopath

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12
Q

Treatment for Listeriosis diseases in goats?

A

Antibiotics - potentiated sulphonamides?NSAIDs
Fluids vital (remember often acidotic due to salivary loss)
Nursing

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13
Q

What is the main route of Listeria infection in goats? How to avoid?

A

Wet/poor silage
Keep dry/well stored
Can deteriorate over 24 hours - discard if uneaten and replace with fresh

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14
Q

What type of virus in Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)?

A

Lentivirus

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15
Q

Diagnosis of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)?

A

Blood sample detects antibody
Confirms viraemic infection as Ab doesn’t eliminate the virus
6 months of age

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16
Q

Most common clinical appearance of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)?

A

Rare to see signs
A swollen joint - most commonly the carpal joint (can be painful)
Mastitis
Weight loss

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17
Q

When is encephalitis seen in Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)?

A

Rare - young kids

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18
Q

How is Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) spread in goats?

A

Mostly via colostrum/milk

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19
Q

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) control?

A

No vaccine or treatment

Test and cull

20
Q

Clinical signs of Johne’s in goats?

A 
3y+
Poor milk yield
Wasting
Anaemia
Normal faeces (scour only in terminal stages)
21
Q

Diagnosis of Johne’s in goats?

A

Faeces culture + PCR
PME - gross and histopath
Serology - ELISA

22
Q

Gross pathology of Johne’s in goats?

A

Subtle thickening of intestines (ileum?)

Grossly swollen mesenteric lymph nodes

23
Q

Control of Johne’s in goats?

A 
Vaccination - Gudair vaccine
Develop culling policy?
Snatch kids and rear separately
Avoid pooled colostrum
Maintain clean feeding environment
24
Q

What causes caseous lymphadenitis (CLA)?

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

25
Q

Average goat milk yield/lactation?

A

800L

26
Q

Average goat lactation length?

A

13 months

27
Q

Which presentation of mastitis is most common in goats?

A

Clinical mastitis is rare

Sub-clinical mastitis is extremely common

28
Q

Main cause of clinical mastitis in goats?

A

Staphylococcus

29
Q

Why are goats not usually kept outside?

A

If limited grazing, land can quickly become ‘worm sick’ and production becomes unsustainable

30
Q

What is eprinex? Problems?

A

Licensed pour on for goats
For end and ectoparasites
Nil milk withhold - attractive to clients, but increased use leads to increased resistance risk
Dual efficacy - when using for ectoparasites, may ignore effect on endoparasites

31
Q

Causing of a wasting group of goats?

A

Nutrition - quality, quantity, clean and fresh, trough space

Dominance/bullying

32
Q

Causes of a wasting individual goat?

A 
Oral - teeth, gums, tongue
Locomotor disease
Johne's
Other chronic infections
Endoparasites
Ectoparasites
Tumours
Scrapie
33
Q

Metabolic disease seen in goats?

A

Marginal peri-parturient hypocalcaemia - maybe common
Ketosis
Hypomagnesaemia - rare

34
Q

Respiratory diseases of goats?

A

Pasteurellosis - Mannheimia haemolytica
Mycoplasma
Lungworm - Dictyocaulus, Muellerius
TB

35
Q

Clinical signs of TB in goats (‘spillover hosts’)?

A 
Weight loss
Inappetance
Reduced milk yield
Dyspnoea
Coughing
No response to treatment
36
Q

TB tests in goats?

A

Pre and post movement SICCT TB test - 2 months quarantine
TB test if clinical suspicion
No routine TB testing - only under certain circumstances with permission from DEFRA

37
Q

Causes of lameness in goats?

A 
Foot rot
Foul
Scald
Foot abscess
Trauma
38
Q

Where do mites affect goats?

A

Psoroptic mange - ears
Chorioptic mange - lower limbs
Demodectic mange - head/neck/body
Sarcoptic mange - udders, body

39
Q

What is Pygmy Goat Syndrome?

A

Primary/secondary keratinisation disorder
Unknown aetiology
Familial - small genetic pool
Eyes, ears, nose, head
Axilla, groin, perineum
Symptomatic treatment
Diagnosis - rule out differentials, biopsy

40
Q

Causes of diarrhoea in young kids?

A 
E.coli
Salmonella
Rotavirus
Crytosporidia
Poor feeding protocol - too dilute milk substitute, haphazard feeding pattern, dirty utensils
41
Q

What % of goat Coccidia species are pathogenic?

A

50%

42
Q

What type of breeders are goats?

A

Seasonal polyoestrus

Sept - Feb

43
Q

Pregnancy diagnosis of goats?

A 
Lack of oestrus
Abdominal enlargement
Ballotment
Udder development
Oestrone sulphate test after 50 days
Ultrasound
44
Q

Clinical signs and cause of false pregnancies (hydrometra) in goats? How to treat?

A 
Abdominal enlargement
Udder development
More prevalent following synchronisation
Association with persistent CL
Prostaglandin 2 doses 12 days apart of Lutalyse
45
Q

Causes of abortion in goats?

A

Same as sheep!

46
Q

When to disbud horns of goat kids? What must be considered?

A 
Must be vet
GA and NSAIDs recommended
Horn growth rapid - disbud between 2-7 days
Local anaesthetics not well toelrated
Very thin skull
Beware re-growth
47
Q

Which plants do goats like that make them vomit? What to do?

A

Rhododendron
Pieris
Must give antibiotics for few days to prevent aspiration pneumonia

4th year (44 decks)

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