GMFCS Flashcards
1
Q
Before 2nd birthday:
Level I
A
- move in and out of sitting and floor sit with both hands free to manipulate objects
- crawl on hands and knees
- pull to stand
- take steps holding onto furniture
- Walk between 18 mo - 2 years without AD
2
Q
Before 2nd birthday:
Level II
A
- maintain floor sitting but may need to use their hands to support to maintain balance
- creep on stomach
- crawl on hands and knees
- pull to stand and take steps holding furniture
3
Q
Before 2nd birthday:
Level III
A
- maintain floor sitting when low back supported
- roll and creed on stomachs
4
Q
Before 2nd birthday:
Level IV
A
- have head control
- trunk support required for floor sitting
- roll to supine
- may roll prone
5
Q
Before 2nd birthday:
Level V
A
- physical impairments limit voluntary control of movement
- unable to maintain antigravity head/trunk postures in prone+sitting
- Require adult assistance to roll
6
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level I
A
- sit w/both hands free to manipulate objects
- movements in and out of floor sitting/standing w/o adult assistance
- walk as preferred mobility w/o AD
7
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level II
A
- sit but may have difficulty balancing when hands are free/manipulating objects
- movements in/out of sitting w/o adult assistance
- pull to stand on stable surface
- crawl on hands+knees w/reciprocal patter
- cruise holding onto furniture
- walk using AD for preferred mobility
8
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level III
A
- maintain sitting w/W sit.
- may require adult assistance to assume sitting
- creep on stomach or crawl on hands/knees
- pull to stand on stable surface
- cruise short distances
- walk short distances indoors w/AD and adult assistance steering
9
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level IV
A
- sit on chair w/adaptive seating for trunk control and max hand function
- move in/out of chair sitting w/assistance from adult or stable surface to push/pull
- best walk short distances w/walker and adult supervision.
- difficult turning/maintaining balance on uneven surfaces
- transported in the community
- may achieve self-mobility w/WC
10
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level IV
A
- sit on chair w/adaptive seating for trunk control and max hand function
- move in/out of chair sitting w/assistance from adult or stable surface to push/pull
- best walk short distances w/walker and adult supervision.
- difficult turning/maintaining balance on uneven surfaces
- transported in the community
- may achieve self-mobility w/power WC
11
Q
Between 2nd and 4th birthday:
Level V
A
- restricted voluntary movement and ability to maintain antigravity head/trunk
- all areas of motor function limited
- functional limitations not fully compensated for w/ AD
- have no means of independent mobility.
- self mobility w/power WC with extensive adaptations
12
Q
Between 4th and 6th birthday:
Level I
A
- get into and out of a chair w/o hand support
- move from floor and chair to standing without objects for support
- walk indoors/outdoors
- climbs stairs
- emerging ability to run and jump
13
Q
Between 4th and 6th birthday:
Level II
A
- sit in chair with both hands free to manipulate objects
- move from floor to standing and chair sitting to standing using stable surface to push/pull
- walk w/o AD indoors or short distances outdoors.
- stairs with railing
- unable to run or jump
14
Q
Between 4th and 6th birthday:
Level III
A
- sit on regular chair but may require pelvic or trunk support to maximize hand function
- move in and out of chair sitting using stable surface to push/pull
- walk with AD on level surfaces
- climb stairs w/adult assistance
- frequently transported long distances or outdoors on uneven terrain
15
Q
Between 4th and 6th birthday:
Level IV
A
- sit on a chair but need adaptive seating for trunk control/hand function
- move in and out of chair w/adult assistance or stable surface to push/pull
- walk short distances w/walker and adult supervision
- difficulty turning and maintaining balance on uneven surfaces
- transported in community
- self mobility w/ power WC
16
Q
Between 4th and 6th birthday:
Level V
A
- physical impairments restrict voluntary control of movement and ability to maintain antigravity head/trunk postures
- all areas of motor function limited
- functional limitations not fully compensated w/AD
- no means of independent transport
- self mobility using power WC w/extensive adaptations
17
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level I
A
- walk indoors and outdoors
- climbs stairs
- perform gross motor skills ( running, jumping)
- speed, balance, and coordination reduced
18
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level II
A
- walk indoors/outdoors and clmib stairs w/railing
- limitations on uneven surfaces, inclines, and crowds
- minimal (at best) ability to perform gross motor skills (running, jumping)
19
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level III
A
- walk indoors or outdoors on level surface w/AD
- may climb stairs holding onto a railing
- manual WC depending on UE function. Transported after tired, uneven terrain, etc
20
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level I
A
- may maintain levels of function achieved before 8 y.o.
20
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level I
A
- may maintain levels of function achieved before 8 y.o.
- may rely on more wheeled mobility and at home, school, and community
- may achieve self mobility w/power wheelchair
21
Q
Between 6th and 12th birthday:
Level V
A
- physical impairments restrict voluntary control of movement
- impairments limit ability to maintain antigravity head/trunk postures
- all areas of motor function limited
- functional limitations not fully compensated w/AD
- no means of independent transport
- some self mobility using power WC w/extensive adaptations
22
Q
Distinctions between levels I and II
A
Compared to I’s, II’s have limitations in:
- ease of performing movement transitions
- walking outdoors and in community
- need for AD when beginning to walk
- quality of movement
- ability to perform gross motor skills
23
Q
Distinctions between levels II and III
A
- degree of achievement of functional mobility
- III need AD and frequently orthosis to walk
- II don’t require AD after 4 y.o
24
Q
Distinctions between level III and IV
A
- differences in sitting ability and mobility
- III: sit independently, have independent floor mobility, and walk w/AD
- IV: function in sitting, but independent mobility limited. More likely to be transported or use PWC
25
Q
Differences between level IV and V
A
Level V:
- lack independence in basic antigravity postural control
- self mobility achieved only if child can learn how to operate electrically powered WC
