Glycolysis And Anaerobic Respiration

Question 1

3 forms of glucose

Answer 1

D glucose (aldehyde group)
L glucose
Alpha-D-pyranose (prevalent in solution, ringed glucose)

Question 2

4 stages of glycolysis

Answer 2

1. Activation
2. lysis
3. oxidation
4. ATP synthesis

Question 3

activation stages of glycolysis

Answer 3

1. glucose -> glucose-6-phosphate (HEXOKINASE; uses ATP)
2. glucose-6-phosphate fructose-6-phosphate (GLUCOSE ISOMERASE)
3. fructose-6-phosphate-> fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE; uses ATP)

Question 4

lysis stages of glycolysis

Answer 4

4. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate OR dihydroxyacetone phosphate (ALDOLASE A)
5. dihydroxyacetone phosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (TRIOSE PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE)

Question 5

oxidation stages of glycolysis

Answer 5

6. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; adds Pi; MAKES NADH)

Question 6

ATP synthesis stages of glycolysis

Answer 6

7. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 3-phosphoglycerate (PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE; makes ATP)
8. 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate (PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE)
9. 2-phosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate (ENOLASE; H2O produced)
10. PEP pyruvate (PYRUVATE KINASE; makes ATP)

Question 7

yields of ATP

Answer 7

2 ATP used (glucose-> glucose-6-phosphate)

4 ATP produced (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate-> 3-phosphoglycerate; PEP-> pyruvate)

Question 8

fate of pyruvate in anaerobic respiration; enzyme involved

Answer 8

pyruvate + NADH + H -> lactate + NAD

by LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE