Glycolosis and TCA cycle Flashcards
Why is glycolysis important?
The glycolytic breakdown of glucose is the major source of energy of RBCs and sperm
For tissues that respond to insulin (insulin sensitive tissues) like _____ and ______ this is the ______ transporter which increases glucose transport into the cell following exposure to insulin.
skeletal muscle,
adipose tissue,
Glut 4
_________ is the glucose transporter in the liver and the level of this transporter in the cell membrane does not change in response to insulin levels (insulin independent).
Glut 2
Glucokinase is found in which cells?
Liver and pancreatic Beta cells
Hexokinase I is found in which cells?
All cells
what is the km of Hexokinase for sugars
Low Km (0.1 mM) for sugars
what is the km of glucokinase for sugars
High Km (10 mM) for glucose
what inhibits hexokinase?
Inhibited by glucose-6-P
what inhibits glucokinase?
Inhibited by fructose-6-P
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a multi-enzyme complex located in the ________
mitochondrial matrix
niacin is a essential component of what coenzyme?
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
riboflavin (Vit B2) is a essential component of what coenzyme?
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
thiamine (Vit B1) is an essential component of what coenzyme?
thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
pantothenate is an essential component of what coenzyme?
coenzyme A
Thiamine deficiency: (Wernicke’s encephalopathy): the symptoms of this condition come from an inability to _______
oxidize pyruvate
In the Fed state: PDH is _____ in the ______ state
active,
de-phospho
Fasting state: PDH is ______ in the _______ state.
inactive,
phosphorylated
The kinase that phosphorylates PDH is inhibited by ______ and stimulated by _______.
pyruvate,
ATP
The TCA cycle generates ________
NADH, FADH2, GTP
what is the intermediate that leaves the TCA cycle to form fatty acids in the process of de novo lipogenesis.
Citrate
