Glycolosis and TCA cycle

Question 1

Why is glycolysis important?

Answer 1

The glycolytic breakdown of glucose is the major source of energy of RBCs and sperm

Question 2

For tissues that respond to insulin (insulin sensitive tissues) like _____ and ______ this is the ______ transporter which increases glucose transport into the cell following exposure to insulin.

Answer 2

skeletal muscle,
adipose tissue,
Glut 4

Question 3

_________ is the glucose transporter in the liver and the level of this transporter in the cell membrane does not change in response to insulin levels (insulin independent).

Answer 3

Glut 2

Question 4

Glucokinase is found in which cells?

Answer 4

Liver and pancreatic Beta cells

Question 5

Hexokinase I is found in which cells?

Answer 5

All cells

Question 6

what is the km of Hexokinase for sugars

Answer 6

Low Km (0.1 mM) for sugars

Question 7

what is the km of glucokinase for sugars

Answer 7

High Km (10 mM) for glucose

Question 8

what inhibits hexokinase?

Answer 8

Inhibited by glucose-6-P

Question 9

what inhibits glucokinase?

Answer 9

Inhibited by fructose-6-P

Question 10

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a multi-enzyme complex located in the ________

Answer 10

mitochondrial matrix

Question 11

niacin is a essential component of what coenzyme?

Answer 11

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)

Question 12

riboflavin (Vit B2) is a essential component of what coenzyme?

Answer 12

flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Question 13

thiamine (Vit B1) is an essential component of what coenzyme?

Answer 13

thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Question 14

pantothenate is an essential component of what coenzyme?

Answer 14

coenzyme A

Question 15

Thiamine deficiency: (Wernicke’s encephalopathy): the symptoms of this condition come from an inability to _______

Answer 15

oxidize pyruvate

Question 16

In the Fed state: PDH is _____ in the ______ state

Answer 16

active,

de-phospho

Question 17

Fasting state: PDH is ______ in the _______ state.

Answer 17

inactive,

phosphorylated

Question 18

The kinase that phosphorylates PDH is inhibited by ______ and stimulated by _______.

Answer 18

pyruvate,

ATP

Question 19

The TCA cycle generates ________

Answer 19

NADH, FADH2, GTP

Question 20

what is the intermediate that leaves the TCA cycle to form fatty acids in the process of de novo lipogenesis.

Answer 20

Citrate