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Human Structure - Block 2 - Week #5 - Flashcards - JTC > Gluteal Region, Posterior Thigh, & Popliteal Fossa | B2, WK5 > Flashcards

Gluteal Region, Posterior Thigh, & Popliteal Fossa | B2, WK5 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the action of the gluteal region

A

extension, abduction, and lateral rotation at hip

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2
Q

What are the muscles of the gluteal region [9]

A
  1. Gluteus maximus
  2. Gluteus medius
  3. Gluteus minimus
  4. TFL
  5. Piriformis
  6. Obturator internus
  7. Superior gemelli
  8. Inferior gemelli
  9. Quadratus femoris
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3
Q

What is the innervation to the gluteal region?

A
  1. Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
  2. Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
  3. Branches of sacral plexus
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4
Q

Gluteus Maximus O, I, & A

A

O: Posterior ilium, sacrum, & sarcotuberous ligament
I:
Superficial: Anterolateral tubercle of tibia (via IT Tract)
Deep: Gluteal tuberosity

A: Extend thigh and assist in lateral rotation

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5
Q

Gluteus Medius & Minimus O, I, & A

A

O:
Medius - gluteal surface of ilium between anterior & posterior gluteal lines
Minimus - gluteal surface of ilium between anterior & inferior gluteal lines

I: Greater trochanter

A: Abduct & medially rotate thigh, keep pelvis level when opposite foot is lifted

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6
Q

Gluteus Maximus - innervation

A

Inferior gluteal N (L5-S2)

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7
Q

Gluteus medius & minimus innervation

A

Superior gluteal N (L4-S1)

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8
Q

TFL O, I, & A

A

O: ASIS
I: anterolateral tubercle of tibia (Gerdy’s tubercle) via IT tract
A: Assist in flexion and medial rotation of the thigh, tenses IT tract to stabilize knee extension

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9
Q

TFL innervation

A

Superior gluteal N

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10
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the hip/thigh?

A
  1. Piriformis
  2. Obturator internus
  3. Sup & Inf Gemelli
  4. Quadratus femoris
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11
Q

Where do a majority of the lateral rotators of the thigh insert?

A

Greater trochanter
Exception: Quadratus femoris - inserts on intertrochanteric crest

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12
Q

What structures exit superior to the piriformis?

A

-Superior gluteal N
-Superior gluteal vessels

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13
Q

What structures exit inferior to the piriformis?

A

-Inf. gluteal N
-Inf. gluteal vessels
-Pudendal N & internal pudenal vessels
-Post. cutaneous n of the thigh
-Sciatic nerve

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14
Q

Describe blood supply of the gluteal region

A
  1. internal illiac artery
    -s. gluteal a.
    -inf. gluteal a.
  2. Deep a. of thigh (& 1st perforating branch)
  3. Cruciate anastomosis
  4. Anastomosis between branches of femoral a. and internal iliac a.
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15
Q

Innervation of the gluteal region is supplied by what plexus (branches)?

A

Sacral

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16
Q

What does the superior gluteal N. innervate?

A

-Gluteus medius
-Gluteus minimus
-TFL

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17
Q

What N supplies the gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal N

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18
Q

N. to obturator internus innervates/supplies what structure?

A

Superior gemellus

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19
Q

N. to quadratus femoris also supplies what structure?

A

Inferior gemellus

20
Q

What is the piriformis innervated by?

A

Branches of S1 & S2

21
Q

Where would you give an intragluteal injection (safely)

A

-Superior lateral injection
-avoid Nerves & arteries

22
Q

What would happen when a patient has a superior gluteal nerve injury?

A

-Pelvis drops
-Opposite side of pelvis drops when the opposite foot is lifted

EX: injury of R. Superior Gluteal N = left hip drop

23
Q

Someone with a superior gluteal nerve injury typically leans the upper body in which direction?

A

-Toward the injured side to lift opposite hip

24
Q

What type of gait is seen in a superior gluteal nerve injury

A

Tredelenburg Gait

25
Q

What actions occur in the posterior thigh?

A
  • Extension of thigh
  • Flexion of knee
26
Q

What muscles make up the posterior thigh?

A
  • Biceps Femoris
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
  • “hamstring part” of adductor magnus
27
Q

What nerves innervate the posterior thigh?

A
  • Tibial division of sciatic N

Note: Short head of biceps innervated by common fibular division

28
Q

Biceps Femoris LONG and SHORT head - O, I, & A

A

O:
SH - lateral lip of linea aspera
LH - Ischial tuberosity

I: Both on Head of fibula

A: Flexion of leg at knee joint (laterally rotates leg when knee is flexed, long head extends the thigh)

29
Q

Bicep femoris long head innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic N

30
Q

Bicep femoris short head innervation

A

common fibular division of sciatic N

31
Q

What is the origin of the semitendinosus & semimembranosus?

A

Ischial tuberosity

32
Q

The semitendinosus and semimembranosus complete what actions?

A

-extend thigh
-flex knee

33
Q

The semitendinosus and semimembranosus are innervated by?

A

Tibial division of sciatic N

34
Q

Action of adductor magnus

A

Extend thigh

35
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A

Tibial division of Sciatic N

36
Q

What is the pes anserinus?

A

“Goose’s Foot”
1. Sartorius
2. Gracilis
3. Semitendinosus

37
Q

What is the function of the pes aserinus?

A

Stabilizes medial aspect of knee joint in extension

38
Q

What posterior thigh muscles are innervated by the tibial division of the sciatic N? What about common fibular division of sciatic N.

A

Tibial Division:
-Long head of biceps femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
-Adductor Magnus Hamstring part

Common fibular division of sciatic N:
-Short head of biceps femoris

39
Q

What is the main blood supply of the posterior thigh?

A

Perforating branches of deep femoral a.

40
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

-Biceps Femoris
-Semimembranosus
-Lateral & medial heads of gastrocnemius

41
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa from superficial to deep?

A
  1. Termination of small saphenous vein and cutaneous nerves
  2. Tibial & Common fibular nerves
  3. Popliteal vein
  4. Popliteal artery
  5. Popliteal lymph nodes (surrounding vessels)
42
Q

In the popliteal fossa, the sciatic nerve divides. What does it divide into?

A
  1. Tibial N (L4-S3)
  2. Common fibulr nerve (L4-S2)
43
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves in the popliteal fossa?

A

-Posterior cutaneous n. of the thigh
-Medial sural cutaneous nn. (from tibial n)

44
Q

The _________________ artery is a continuation of the femoral artery

A

Popliteal

45
Q

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

A

anterior + posterior tibial aa.

Human Structure - Block 2 - Week #5 - Flashcards - JTC (7 decks)

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