Anterolateral Leg & Dorsum of Foot | B2, WK5 Flashcards
Label A-H [Osteology Review]
A: Head of fibula
B: Neck of Fibula
C: Ant. Border of Tibia
D: Lateral Malleolus
E: Medial Malleolus
F: Opening for ant. tibial vessels (in interosseous memb)
G: Metatarsals (1-5)
H: Tuberosity of 5th metatarsals
What is the primary function of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Dorsiflexion & inversion
Extension of toes
What is the innervation of the ant. compartment of the leg?
Depp fibular N.
What is the primary function of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Eversion of foot
What is the innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Sup. fibular N.
What is the primary function of the superficial post. compartment of the leg?
Plantarflexion of foot
What is the innervation for the posterior compartment of the leg (sup & deep)
Tibial N
What is the primary function of the deep post. compartment of the leg
Plantarflexion & inversion
Flexion of toes
What are the muscles of the anterior leg? [4]
- Tibialis anterior
- Extensor hallucis long
- Extensor digitorum longus
- Fibularis tertius
Where does the tibialis anterior arise? insert?
Lateral condyle of tibia & interosseous membrane
I: Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal
What is the action of the tibialis anterior?
Dorsiflexes & inverts the foot
Where does the extensor hallucis longus (EHC) arise? insert?
O: anterior fibula & interosseous membrane
I: Distal phalanx fo 1st digit
What is the action of EHC?
Extends 1st toe - dorsiflexes foot
Where does the Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) arise? insert?
O: lat. condyle of tibia, medial fibula, & interosseous membrane
I: insert on middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
What is the action of the EDL?
Extends lateral 4 digits
Dorsiflexes foot
Where does the fibularis tertius arise from? insert?
O: inferior fibula & interosseous membrane
I: dorsum of 5th metatarsal
What is the action of the fibularis tertius?
Dorsiflexes foot, assists in eversion (sole faces laterally)
What is the function of the extensor retinacula?
It is a thickened band of crural fascia that prevents bowstringing of extensor tendons as they cross the ankle joint.
Name and describe the two parts of the extensor retinacula.
- Superior extensor retinaculum and inferior extensor retinaculum
Sup: sup to ankle jt, attached to distal tibia & fibula
Inf: Y-shaped, attached laterally to calcaneus, attached medially to medial malleolus and medial side of plantar aponeurosis
Describe shin splints
Repetitive microtrauma of tibialis ant or tibialis post. causing tears in periosteum
this is a mild compartment syndrome (due to rigidity of deep fascia)
What are the two muscles of the lateral leg?
- Fibularis longus
- Fibularis brevis
Where does the fibularis longus arise? insert?
O: Arises from proximal fibula
I: 1st cuneiform & 1st metatarsal in plantar foot
Where does the fibularis brevis arise? insert?
O: middle 1/3 of fibula
I: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
What is an avulsion fracture?
Fracture that occurs after forceful inversion
What are the actions of the lateral leg?
Evert foot
Weakly plantarflex foot
What does the popliteal artery divide into?
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
What artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
Perforating branches of fibular a.
What artery supplies anterior compartment and dorsum of foot?
Anterior tibial artery
What are the superficial veins of the foot?
Dorsal venous arch
Great saphenous v. (from medial side of dorsal vein)
small saphenous v. (from lateral side of dorsal vein)
What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?
- Extensor hallucis brevis
- Extensor digitorum brevis
What is the common origin for the dorsum of the foot muscles?
Calcaneus
What is the blood supply to the dorsal foot?
- Dorsal pedis a.
- Lateral tarsal a.
- Arcuate a.
- Deep plantar a.
What does the deep plantar a. anastomoses with to form deep plantar arch?
Lateral plantar a.
Sensory innervation to leg + dorsum of foot:
*Saphenous n =
*Lateral Sural cutaneous n =
*Superficial fibular n =
*Deep fibular n =
*Sural n =
*Saphenous n = Medial Leg
*Lateral Sural cutaneous n = Lateral Superior Leg
*Superficial fibular n = Lateral inferior leg and dorsum foot
*Deep fibular n = Between 1st two digits
*Sural n = Lateral toes and lateral posterior leg
What are the three branches of the sciatic nerve (lateral division)
- Lateral sural cutaneous n
- Superficial fibular n.
- Deep fibular n.
What does the Superficial fibular n. innervate? what about sensory?
lateral compartment
sensory: anteriolateral leg/ankle/foot
What does the deep fibular n. innervate? what about sensory:
innervates anterior compartment
Sensory: skin between first two digits
Gross anatomy review. Label the following.
A: Tibialis Anterior
B: Extensor Digitorum Longus
C: Extensor Hallucis Longus
D: Superior Extensor Retinacula
E: Inferior Extensor Retinacula
F: Fibularis Tertius
Gross anatomy review. Label the following
A: Fibularis Longus
B: Fibularis Brevis
Label the nerves
A: Lateral Division of Sciatic N
B: Superficial fibular N
C: Deep fibular N
Label the blood supply
A: Popliteal A
B: Posterior Tibial A
C: Anterior Tibial A
D: Fibular A
Label the blood supply
A: Dorsal V. - Great Toe
B: Dorsal V. - 5th Toe
C: Great saphenous vein
D: Small saphenous vein
