Gluteal region and hip joint Flashcards
What forms the pelvic girdle?
the two innominate hip bones and the sacrum
where do the two innominate bones articulate?
Posteriorly: at the sacrum
Anteriorly: at the pubic symphysis
Name the three bones each innominate bone is derived from?
Ischium, Ilium, Pubic
Name the point where the Ischium, Ilium and Pubic bone fuse
Acetabulum
What is the function of the pelvic girdle?
Strong and stable support for the lower limbs
Which pelvic inlet is more heart shaped than circular
Male
Which pelvic alae is more narrow and deep than shallow
Male
DO males or females have a bigger pubic arch
Females = above 90 degrees
Is a male or female’s pelvis heavier and thicker?
Male
What is the pubic symphysis?
A secondary cartilaginous joint between two pubic bones
Functions of the pelvis?
Bear weight Attachment for muscles Protect pelvis and abdominal viscera Attachment for external reproductive organs Movement
Name the two ligaments that strengthen the pelvic girdle
Sacrotuberous and Sacrospinous
Where does the sacrotuberous ligament connect?
From the sacrum to the Ischial tuberosity
Where does the sacrospinal ligament connect?
From the sacrum to the Ischial Spine
What forms the hip joint?
Acetabulum articulates with head of the femur
What type of joint is the hip joint
A strong and stable Ball and socket joint
What movements are possible at hip joint?
Abduction Adduction Flexion Extension Lateral and medial rotation
Structures that stabilise the hip joint?
Acetabulum, Iliofemoral ligament, Pubofemoral ligament, Ischiofemoral ligament, ligament of the head of the femur
How does the acetabulum stabilise the hip joint?
Encompasses nearly all of the head of the femur
Does the iliofemoral ligament prevent hyperextension or hyperflexion?
Hyperextension - prevents hyperextension of the hip joint
Name the muscles involved in movement at the hip joint?
Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus
What is the iliotibial tract?
A longitudinal fibrous reinforcement of the fascia lata
Functions of the iliotibial tract?
abductor, flexor, and medial rotator of the thigh
connects muscles of the lateral thigh
What supports the tensor fascia late and the gluteus maximus muscles?
iliotibial tract - also stabilises the knee
Does the piriformis muscle pass through the greater or lesser sciatic foramen?
Greater sciatic foramen
What nerve needs to be avoided in intramuscular injections?
The sciatic nerve
Where is a safe area to perform intramuscular injections?
The upper outer quadrant of the gluteal region
What structures pass through the GREATER sciatic foramen SUPERIOR to piriformis?
Superior gluteal artery, vein and nerve
What structures pass through the GREATER sciatic foramen INFERIORLY to piriformis?
Sciatic nerve Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Nerve to obturator internus Nerve to obturator externus Pudendal Nerve Inferior pudendal artery and vein Inferior gluteal artery and vein
What structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Tendon of obturator internus
Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal nerve
Nerve to obturator internus
Where do piriformis, obturator internus and the gemelli insert?
medial side of the greater trochanter of femur
What functions do the piriformis, obturator internus and the gemelli have in common?
Laterally rotate and extend the femur at hip joint
