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Spot test 2 > Gluteal Muscles > Flashcards

Gluteal Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

The external surface of the ilium (between inferior and anterior gluteal lines) is the origin of which muscles?

A

Gluteus minimus and Gluteus medius

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2
Q

Where does gluteus minimus insert?

A

The greater trochanter of the femur - the linear facet on the anterolateral aspect

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3
Q

What nerve innervates the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius muscles?

A

Superior gluteal nerve L4 L5 S1

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4
Q

Which muscles abduct the femur at hip joint, prevents pelvic drop on opposite swing side when walking, medially rotates thigh?

A

Gluteus minimus and Gluteus medius

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5
Q

What is the origin of gluteus medius?

A

external surface of the ilium - between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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6
Q

Where does gluteus medius insert?

A

The greater trochanter - elongate facet on lateral surface

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7
Q

Which muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus minimus, Gluteus medius, Tensor fascia latae

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8
Q

What is the most posterior muscle of the gluteal region?

A

Gluteus maximus

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9
Q

What is the origin of gluteus maximus?

A

fascia covering gluteus medius
external surface of ilium behind gluteal line
fascia of erector spinae
dorsal surface of lower sacrum and lateral margin of coccyx
external surface of sacrotuberus ligament

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10
Q

what is the insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

iliotibial tract of fascia lata - posterior aspect

Gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

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11
Q

What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus maximus

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12
Q

Which nerve innervates gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2

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13
Q

Action of gluteus maximus?

A

Powerful extensor of flexed femur

laterally rotates and abducts thigh

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14
Q

which muscle originates from the Sacrum?

A

Piriformis - originates from the anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

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15
Q

Where does piriformis insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur - medial side of superior border

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16
Q

what is the innervation of piriformis?

A

branches from S1 and S2

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17
Q

What is the function of Piriformis?

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur

Abducts flexed femur

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18
Q

what is the origin of obturator internus?

A

Anterolateral wall of true pelvis

Deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone

19
Q

What are the short lateral rotators of the hip?

A

Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus

20
Q

Insertion of Obturator internus?

A

Greater trochanter of femur - medial side

21
Q

What nerve innervates obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus

22
Q

What are the actions of obturator internus

A

Laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint

Abducts flexed femur at hip joint

23
Q

What two muscles does the obturator internus pass in-between?

A

Gemellus superior and Gemellus inferior

24
Q

Where does gemellus superior originate?

A

Ischial spine - external surface

25
Q

where does gemellus superior insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur - medial side

along the length of superior surface of obturator internus

26
Q

What muscles does nerve to obturator internus innervate?

A

obturator internus and gemellus superior

27
Q

What nerve innervates gemellus superior?

A

Nerve to obturator internus

28
Q

what is the function of Gemellus superior?

A

laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint

Abduction of flexed femur at hip joint

29
Q

What muscle originates from the upper aspect of ischial tuberosity?

A

Gemellus inferior

30
Q

where does Gemellus inferior insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur - medial side

Along the length of inferior surface of obturator internus

31
Q

What muscles does Nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?

A

Quadrates femoris and Gemellus inferior

32
Q

What nerve innervates Gemellus inferior?

A

Quadratus femoris

33
Q

What are the functions of Gemellus inferior?

A

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint

Abduction of flexed femur at hip joint

34
Q

Where does Quadratus femorus originate?

A

Ischium - lateral aspect of ischium, anterior to tuberosity

35
Q

Which muscle inserts on the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur?

A

Quadratus femoris

36
Q

what is the innervation of quadratus femoris?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1

37
Q

What is the function of quadratus femoris?

A

Laterally rotate femur at hip joint

38
Q

Which muscle stabilises the knee in extension?

A

Tensor fasciae latae

39
Q

What is the origin of tensor fascia latae?

A

Crest of ilium - lateral aspect, between anterior superior iliac spine and tubercle of the crest

40
Q

Which muscles insert into the iliotibial tract?

A

Gluteus maximus, Tensor fascia latae

41
Q

Where does tensor fascia latae insert?

A

Iliotibial tract of fascia latae

42
Q

What is the innervation of Tensor fascia latae?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

43
Q

What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

Gluteus minimus and medius, Tensor fascia latae

44
Q

What is the function of tensor fascia latae?

A

Stabilises knee in extension

Spot test 2 (14 decks)

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