Gluteal Muscles Flashcards
The external surface of the ilium (between inferior and anterior gluteal lines) is the origin of which muscles?
Gluteus minimus and Gluteus medius
Where does gluteus minimus insert?
The greater trochanter of the femur - the linear facet on the anterolateral aspect
What nerve innervates the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius muscles?
Superior gluteal nerve L4 L5 S1
Which muscles abduct the femur at hip joint, prevents pelvic drop on opposite swing side when walking, medially rotates thigh?
Gluteus minimus and Gluteus medius
What is the origin of gluteus medius?
external surface of the ilium - between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Where does gluteus medius insert?
The greater trochanter - elongate facet on lateral surface
Which muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus minimus, Gluteus medius, Tensor fascia latae
What is the most posterior muscle of the gluteal region?
Gluteus maximus
What is the origin of gluteus maximus?
fascia covering gluteus medius
external surface of ilium behind gluteal line
fascia of erector spinae
dorsal surface of lower sacrum and lateral margin of coccyx
external surface of sacrotuberus ligament
what is the insertion of gluteus maximus?
iliotibial tract of fascia lata - posterior aspect
Gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus maximus
Which nerve innervates gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2
Action of gluteus maximus?
Powerful extensor of flexed femur
laterally rotates and abducts thigh
which muscle originates from the Sacrum?
Piriformis - originates from the anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
Where does piriformis insert?
Greater trochanter of femur - medial side of superior border
what is the innervation of piriformis?
branches from S1 and S2
What is the function of Piriformis?
Laterally rotates the extended femur
Abducts flexed femur
what is the origin of obturator internus?
Anterolateral wall of true pelvis
Deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
What are the short lateral rotators of the hip?
Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Gemellus inferior, Obturator internus
Insertion of Obturator internus?
Greater trochanter of femur - medial side
What nerve innervates obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus
What are the actions of obturator internus
Laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint
Abducts flexed femur at hip joint
What two muscles does the obturator internus pass in-between?
Gemellus superior and Gemellus inferior
Where does gemellus superior originate?
Ischial spine - external surface
where does gemellus superior insert?
Greater trochanter of femur - medial side
along the length of superior surface of obturator internus
What muscles does nerve to obturator internus innervate?
obturator internus and gemellus superior
What nerve innervates gemellus superior?
Nerve to obturator internus
what is the function of Gemellus superior?
laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint
Abduction of flexed femur at hip joint
What muscle originates from the upper aspect of ischial tuberosity?
Gemellus inferior
where does Gemellus inferior insert?
Greater trochanter of femur - medial side
Along the length of inferior surface of obturator internus
What muscles does Nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?
Quadrates femoris and Gemellus inferior
What nerve innervates Gemellus inferior?
Quadratus femoris
What are the functions of Gemellus inferior?
Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint
Abduction of flexed femur at hip joint
Where does Quadratus femorus originate?
Ischium - lateral aspect of ischium, anterior to tuberosity
Which muscle inserts on the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur?
Quadratus femoris
what is the innervation of quadratus femoris?
Nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1
What is the function of quadratus femoris?
Laterally rotate femur at hip joint
Which muscle stabilises the knee in extension?
Tensor fasciae latae
What is the origin of tensor fascia latae?
Crest of ilium - lateral aspect, between anterior superior iliac spine and tubercle of the crest
Which muscles insert into the iliotibial tract?
Gluteus maximus, Tensor fascia latae
Where does tensor fascia latae insert?
Iliotibial tract of fascia latae
What is the innervation of Tensor fascia latae?
Superior gluteal nerve
What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus minimus and medius, Tensor fascia latae
What is the function of tensor fascia latae?
Stabilises knee in extension
