gluteal region Flashcards
Case study: 20 year old female runner has pain in the buttocks when running. She has problems sitting and the pain can radiate down the back of the thigh and leg. Her muscles feel tight and painful in her posterior. A CAT scan revealed nothing. She is told to take a couple weeks off. She tries to train again and does not achieve good results with the pain still occurring after workouts. After training in the fall she is forced inside to run on cement and develops even more pain and can hardly walk or sit. A MRI reveals a 5 cm shadow in her sacrum. What is your diagnosis and meaning of the shadow? Do certain athletes have this injury? What muscles are attached to the sacrum? Could any of these muscles be involved with radiating pain down the leg? Could any of these muscles be the initial cause of the pain and injury?
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Gluteal muscles are important for
1) hip joint movements, 2) stabilizing the pelvis during ambulation, 3) being a transition region between the pelvis and the lower limb– the branches of the lumbosacral plexus exit the pelvis within the gluteal region to supply the skin and muscles of the lower limb. Branches of the internal iliac artery provide blood to this region and form important anastomotic connections with the branches of the external iliac and femoral arteries.
The bony pelvis (pelvic bone/os coxae/innominate bone) is comprised of?
3 separate bones that fuse together between 16-18 years of age. The three portions are the ilium, ischium, and pubic bones
When do the bones of the bony pelvis/pelvic bone (the ilium, ischium, and pubic bones) fuse together?
16-18 years old
The pelvic girdle consists of?
the right and left pelvic bones and the sacrum
What is the joint between the bodies of the right and left pubic bones?
pubic symphysis
What unites the right and left iliac bones with the sacrum?
the right and left sacroiliac joints. The auricular surface of the ilium articulates with the ala of the sacrum.
What is the hip joint?
a ball and socket synovial type joint between the acetabulum of the pelvic bones and the heads of the right and left femur
At what level is the iliac crest located?
4th lumbar vertebrae
What is the posterior portion of the iliac crest referred to and why?
the gluteal portion because it gives attachment to the gluteal muscles
What is the anterior portion of the iliac crest referred to and what does it give origin to?
iliac fossa gives origin to the iliacus muscle
*What are the two important landmarks associated with the iliac crest?
Anteriorly, the crest ends in the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine). Posteriorly, the crest ends as the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS).
What is the ASIS useful for?
measuring lower limb length
Where is the PSIS located (vertebral level)?
2nd sacral vertebra
What is the PSIS useful for?
palpate the sacroiliac joint during a physical examination of the lower limb.
