Glucose Regulation Flashcards
In the absorptive state, what happens to most of the nutrients and what happens to the remainder?
Are catabolised and used
Remainder are converted and stored for future use
During the absorptive state
What is glucose, AA, glycerol and FA converted and used for?
Glucose - used to generate ATP
Converted to glycogen
AA - converted to protein
FA and glycerol - converted to lipids
What happens in the post absorptive state?
No more nutrients being absorbed
Has to use nutrient stores
Glucose no longer absorbed
Why is it essential to maintain plasma glucose conc?
CNS always using glucose for fuel
In the post absorptive state, what are the 3 main sources of glucose?
Glycogenolysis
Lipolysis
Protein
What happens in Glycogenolysis?
Hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose - 6 - phosphate
Where does Glycogenolysis take place?
In liver and skeletal muscle
In the liver, what happens to glucose-6-phosphate?
Enzymatically converted to glucose which enters blood
However unlike the liver, skeletal muscle doesn’t possess….. to form glucose form glucose 6 phosphate
The enzyme
Instead, what happens to the glucose-6-phosphate in the skeletal muscle?
Undergoes glycolysis in muscle to make ATP, pyruvate and lactate
What Happens to the pyruvate, ATP and lactate?
ATP and pyruvate = used directly by the muscle
Lactate = enters the blood and circulates to liver and converted to glucose
What happens in lipolysis?
Catabolism of triglycerides to fatty and acids and glycerol
Enter blood
Glycerol enters liver and is enzymatically turned into glucose
How does protein produce glucose, what is it called?
Protein in muscle and tissue converted to glucose
Gluconeogenesis - synthesis of glucose from AA and glycerol
How many molecules of ATP are consumed per molecule of glucose formed?
6
What does lipoprotein lipase do?
Hydrolyses triglycerides in lipoproteins into 2 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
