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Nutrition And Metabolism > Glucose Homeostasis > Flashcards

Glucose Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What do normal blood glucose levels range from?

A

80-110mg/100ml

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2
Q

What hormones does hypoglycemia release?

A

Glucagon
GH
epinephrine
Cortisol
Insulin
Somatostatin

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3
Q

What organs does glucagon target

A

Liver and adipose

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4
Q

What organs does GH target

A

Liver and muscle that responds to both this and somatomedin C

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5
Q

What organs does epinephrine target?

A

Liver, adipose, and muscle

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6
Q

What organs does cortisol target?

A

Liver, adipose, and muscle

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7
Q

What organs does insulin target

A

Liver, adipose, muscle

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8
Q

What organs does somatostatin target?

A

Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

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9
Q

What does glucagon respond to

A

Hypoglycemia only

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10
Q

What does GH respond to

A

Hypoglycemia plus exercise and sleep

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11
Q

What does epinephrine respond to

A

Hypoglycemia plus acute stress

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12
Q

What does cortisol respond to

A

Chronic stress and does not need hypoglycemia to be released

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13
Q

What does insulin respond to

A

Hyperglycemia

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14
Q

What does somatostatin respond to

A

Hyperglycemia

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15
Q

Where does glucagon come from

A

Alpha cells of pancreas

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16
Q

Where does growth hormone come from?

A

Hypothalamus

17
Q

Where does epinephrine come from?

A

Adrenal medulla

18
Q

Where does cortisol come from

A

Adrenal cortex

19
Q

Where does insulin come from

A

Beta cells of pancreas

20
Q

Where does somatostatin come from

A

Delta cells of pancreas

21
Q

What happens when glucagon targets adipose?

A

Lipolysis

22
Q

What happens when glucagon targets the liver?

A

Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Beta oxidation of fats termed ketogenesis

23
Q

What happens when GH targets liver?

A

IGF-1 AKA somatomedin C released.

24
Q

What happens when somatomedin C targets muscle?

A

It increases amino acid uptake, protein synthesis and fat utilization.
Decreases protein breakdown and carb utilization.

Nutrition And Metabolism (4 decks)

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