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ANATOMY HEAD AND NECK > GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE (IX)-THE PHARYNX > Flashcards

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE (IX)-THE PHARYNX Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic efferent in GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE go to

A

Stylopharyngeus muscle

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2
Q

Somatic afferents in Glossopharyngeal Nerve go from

A

Mucosa of posterior 1/3 of the tongue and oropharynx (tonsillar fossa).

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3
Q

Visceral efferents in Glossopharyngeal nerve go to

A

Parotid gland

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4
Q

Visceral afferents in Glossopharyngeal nerve go from

A

Carotid body and sinus (baroreceptors)

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5
Q

Special visceral afferents in Glossopharyngeal nerve go from

A

Posterior 1/3 of the tongue (taste)

From the vallate papillae of the root of the tongue - to the CNS

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6
Q

The pharynx extends from the …. to the inferior border of the … vertebra

A

Base of the cranium, C6

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7
Q

The …. lines the inner side of the pharynx, located in between muscles and mucosa.

A

Pharyngobasilar membrane

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8
Q

The pharyngobasilar membrane attaches to the … (basilar portion of the occipital bone and the sphenoid).

A

CLIVUS

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9
Q

The… extends from the CLIVUS to the inferior aspect of the SOFT PALATE.

A

NASOPHARYNX

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10
Q

The … extends from the SOFT PALATE to the EPIGLOTTIS

A

Oropharynx

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11
Q

The …. extends from the EPIGLOTTIS to the CRICOID CARTILAGE (C6)

A

Laryngopharynx

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12
Q

Constrictor muscles of the pharynx are … as they have … fibers. They all insert in the …

A

CIRCULAR, HORIZONTAL, PHARYNGEAL RAPHE

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13
Q

Functional sphincter in the inferior part of the pharynx:

A

UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER

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14
Q

Critical space during infection which connects with the mediastinum.

A

RETROPHARYNGEAL SPACE

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15
Q

Name these longitudinal muscles of the pharynx and their function:

A
  1. Salpingopharyngeus
  2. Palatopharyngeus
  3. Stylopharyngeus

They elevate the pharynx

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16
Q

Main function of the soft palate

A

It has the function of closing off the nasopharynx while food is passing into the oropharynx. The muscles which pull the soft palate take insertion into the nasopharynx area.

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17
Q

Tensor velli palatini inserts into the …

A

PALATINE APONEUROSIS

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18
Q

Name three muscles which take insertion into the tendinous portion of the tensor velli palatini.

A

Levator velli palatini, musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus muscle.

19
Q

Name these muscles of the soft palate

A
  1. Levator veli palatini
  2. Musculus uvulae
  3. Tensor veli palatini
20
Q

The … pharyngeal arch gives rise to the… muscle, which will be innervated by the… cranial nerve

A

3rd, stylopharyngeus, IX

21
Q

The …. PAs also give rise to… muscles which will be innervated by the… cranial nerve

A

4th and 6th, pharyngeal, X

22
Q
A

BUCOPHARYNGEAL FASCIA

23
Q

Narrow entrance of the oropharynx

A

OROPHARYNGEAL ISTHMUS

24
Q

Superior constrictor muscle originates in the ….

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

25
Q

All pharyngeal muscles (constrictors, longitudinal and soft palate muscles) are innervated by the … EXCEPT FOR:
1. Stylopharyngeus muscle, innervated by the … CN
2. Tensor veli palatini, innervated by the … CN

A

Pharyngeal plexus (X CRANIAL NERVE)
1. IX CN
2. V (Trigeminal) CN (V3-Mandibular)

26
Q
A
  1. Pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery
  2. Ascending pharyngeal artery
  3. Ascending palatine artery
  4. Tonsillar branch
27
Q

Clinical sign of a peripheral lesion to the X nerve

A

Absent GAG REFLEX: somatic afferents from the oropharynx (IX CN) form the afferent limb of the reflex, somatic efferents from the VAGUS form the efferent limb of the reflex. When pharyngeal branches of vagus nerve are injured, the uvula deviate towards de non-lesioned side.

28
Q

When surgeons are removing tonsils, they have to be careful with the…

A

Tonsillar vessels (a lot of blood can be lost)

29
Q

Cell bodies of afferent fibers of the IX CN are located in…

A

Superior and inferior ganglia

30
Q

During normal deglutition, when the inferior constrictor m undergoes contraction, the cricopharyngeal muscle …. to enable the passage of the bolus towards the esophagus

A

relaxes (opens)

31
Q

In cricopharyngeal incoordination, the upper esophageal sphincter (cricopharyngeal muscle) remains closed, or it opens in an uncoordinated way leading to extra pressure on the pharyngeal wall, which may produce a herniation of the mucosa through the space between the inferior constrictor and the cricopharyngeal muscle:

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

32
Q

The muscle that tenses the soft palate prior closure of the nasopharynx is innervated by the motor branch of the trigeminal nerve (T/F)

A

True

33
Q

The geniohyoid muscles help the movements of the tongue in propelling the bolus towards the pharynx. Who innervates the geniohyoid muscles?

A

fibers of C1 conveyed with the hypoglossal nerve

34
Q

The afferent limb of the gag reflex are:

A
35
Q

The striate muscles of the pharynx act sequentially but independently during deglutition, so that swallowing can be inhibited or stopped at any point (T/F)

A

False

36
Q

What muscles narrow the oropharyngeal isthmus, preventing the return of the bolus to the oral cavity during deglutition?

A
37
Q

Deglutory muscles are innervated majorly by the glossopharyngeal nerve,except one muscle that is innervated by the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus (T/F)

A

False

38
Q

Indicate the FALSE statement: during deglutition …

  • the epiglottic cartilage bends over and closes the laryngeal inlet
  • the soft palate elevates and closes the nasopharynx
  • the larynx is pulled upwards
  • the rima glottidis opens
  • the oropharyngeal isthmus narrows
A

the rima glottidis opens

39
Q

The muscle that is regarded as the upper esophageal sphincter is

A

cricopharyngeus

40
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve reaches the oropharyngeal mucosa passing through the gap between the middle and inferior constrictor muscles (T/F)

A

False

41
Q

The pharyngeal muscles derive from the 3rd, 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches (T/F)

A

True

42
Q

Indicate the INCORRECT identification:

1- buccinator

3- palatoglossus

4- palatopharyngeus

5- m uvulae

2- middle constrictor

A

2- middle constrictor

43
Q

The lack of coordination in the complex motor sequence that enables deglutition, may lead to herniation of the pharyngeal mucosa between:

A

the inferior constrictor and the cricopharyngeus m

ANATOMY HEAD AND NECK (9 decks)

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