Glossary Flashcards
Crystal
Solid that has a variety of special shapes.
Extrusive igneous rocks
Igneous rocks that are formed on the surface of earth
Geology
Study of rock, their history and the processes that form and change them
Igneous rocks
Rocks formed from the cooling of magma.
Interlocking crystals
Crystals that lock together and grow into each other in a rock.
Intrusive igneous rocks
Igneous rocks that form below the surface of the earth
Lava
Molten rock reaching the earths surface
Magma
Molten rock that does not reach the earths surface
Mantle
Layer of earth below the crust
Minerals
Chemical substances found in rocks
Acid rain
Rain water that includes acid from pollution in the air
Agents of erosion
Factors that cause erosion-
Water
Wind
Ice
Chemical weathering
Water or chemicals in the water and air reacting and breaking down rock
Consistency
Tendency of soil particles to stick together
Erosion
Removal of weathered rock particles away from the site of the weathering
Permeability
A measure of how fast water enters the soil
Physical weathering
Breakdown of rocks by physical processes
Pore spaces
Amount of space in the soil that can be filled with air and water
Sedimentation
Process of water or wind depositing eroded rock particles
Structure
How well the soil particles join to form lumps
Texture
The size of the particles that make up the soil
Water-holding capacity
Measure of how much water a particular amount of soil can hold
Weathering
The physical and chemical processes that break rocks down into smaller pieces
What is a Flame Test?
The colour a mineral glows when heated to a high temperature in a flame.