9.1 Resources In The Rocks Flashcards
How can they be classified?
Minerals
Petroleum (oil and natural gas)
Coal
How much to mining and petroleum contribute to the Australian economy?
5.6% of values of goods and services made in a year
How much do minerals, coal and petroleum contribute to Australian exports?
35%
Australia is among the largest exporters in the world for what?
Coal, iron ore, lead, diamonds, rutile, zinc, zirconium, gold, uranium, aluminium
What are we significant exporters in?
Titanium, nickel, copper, tin and silver
What is a mineral?
A naturally occurring liquid or solid in the earths crust, excluding oil coal and natural gas
What are some minerals that are pure elements?
Gold and silver
What are most minerals?
Chemical compounds made up from different elements
What are rocks that include minerals called?
Ores
What are properties of mineral?
Hardness,
Lustre
Colour
Streak colour
How do you measure the hardness of a mineral?
By using Mohs scale
What is colour used for in minerals?
Helpful when looking for minerals
What is lustre?
How shiny the mineral is. Useful for when prospecting for minerals
What is streak?
The colour left behind when you try to scratch an unglazed white tile with the mineral
What is a flame test?
A chemical test that provides another way of identifying a mineral. Minerals are ground into a powder form and heated to high temperatures in a flame
How are minerals formed?
Found in particular locations because they formed there or were moved after being formed. Some minerals formed by the crystallisation on magma. Others form by metamorphic processes. Others found in sedimentary rocks when solutions flow through rock and minerals, slowly crystallising.
What are stalagmites and stalactites made from?
Calcium carbonate
What s the difference between stalagmites and stalactites?
Stalagmites grown from the ground and stalactites grow from the top
How is iron ore formed?
Formed by sediments deposited on the sea floor. Banded iron deposits can be lifted from the floor
What are the four step from earth to the final product?
Exploration: the search for minerals
Mining: the removal of the resource form the ground
Enrichment: concentrates the resource
Extraction: some metals need to be extracted
