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Glossary 149-150 Flashcards

1
Q

Active composition

A

A composition that is dynamic and contains many diagonals, subject matter in mid motion or in energetic poses

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2
Q

Alignment

A

To place things in an ordered arrangement; to line things up

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3
Q

Anarchy

A

A situation where there are no rules, order or authority; everyone does whatever they want; often resulting in violence, conflict and destruction

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4
Q

Anomaly

A

Something that is out of the ordinary; not expected; does not fit into the pattern

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5
Q

Applied arts

A

The traditional name for design; practical design production

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6
Q

Architectonic forms

A

Forms which are similar to the shame and structure of the building

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7
Q

Assembly line

A

A progressive production line of workers each with their own function, working systematically to transform raw materials into a finished product

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8
Q

Bad taste

A

Having no idea what is visually appropriate and acceptable; having the reputation of making incorrect aesthetic decisions

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9
Q

Balustrade

A

A barrier that provides support for people when they are walking up or down a flight of stairs; may be decorative or purely functional

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10
Q

Biomorphic

A

Abstracted organic shapes and forms that look like animals and living organisms

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11
Q

Capitalism

A

An ideology as well as an economic system based on some people owning the means to production while employing others, less fortunate, as workers. The workers produce goods that are sold for a higher price than it costs to make them. The profit is then paid to the owners; the workers receive a set wage

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12
Q

Centrifugal Balance

A

When a composition has elements moving away from a central point, yet they are evenly distributed

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13
Q

Centripetal Balance

A

When a composition is laid out in such a way so that the elements are moving towards a central point, yet they are all evenly distributed

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13
Q

Chalk pastel

A

A soft drawing medium that is cheap and relatively easy to draw with, it smudges easily and therefore needs to be sprayed with fixative

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14
Q

Charcoal

A

A soft, black drawing medium which smudges easily

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15
Q

Communism

A

An ideology as well as an economic system where the government controls all economic activities within the country and where all people generally receive the same amount of resources and money

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16
Q

Connotations

A

Other things that are implied and communicated by a particular word, image or phrase.

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17
Q

Consumables

A

Products that people use frequently in their lives like food, toiletries, and cleaning products

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18
Q

Conté

A

A hardened chalk substance which is used as a drawing medium

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19
Q

Content

A

The things that are included in a visual communication design or in a section of body text

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20
Q

Contiguity

A

When something is next to or touching something else; one of the Gestalt principles of design

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21
Q

Copywriter

A

A person who is responsible for writing the text that will go in a visual communication design

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22
Q

Cosmopolitanism

A

The process whereby people from many different countries =, places, backgrounds and cultures live together in one area and influence each other, creating a hybrid society

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23
Q

Curtain walls

A

When a steel skeleton structure is used within a building the walls no longer need to be weight bearing. In this case, the walls have the sole purpose of keeping the natural elements out of the interior. At times, these walls are entirely made of glass

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24
Cutting-edge
Being on the forefront of new ideas, technology, discoveries and inventions; paving the way for others to follow
25
Dematerialist approach
Not wanting to depict objects or realism within design
26
Embossing
To insert a raised part of a design onto a piece of paper by cutting out the shape out of thicker card, placing it under the dampened paper and putting it through a press
27
Enhance
To make something look better, to bring out its best qualities
28
Equilibrium
When opposite things are in balance with each other; equal; a calm state
29
Etching
A printing process where an image is scratched into a metal plate, inked up and then the image is printed onto paper in reverse
30
Fascism
An extreme right-wing political system where there is a strong central government which does not allow any opposition
31
Flush
To be right up against something and in line with the rest
32
Flux
In a state of movement and change
33
Formal grid
When there is evidence of a strong compositional grid of horizontals and verticals governing the placement of compositional elements
34
Gestalt theory
A psychological belief that our behaviour is affected by our prior experience and that the human mind continually tries to make meaning and find relationships when presented with new information.
35
Graphite pencils
Common drawing media, each pencil has a different grade which determines its tone
36
Gutenberg printing system
A printing system which revolutionised the printing industry Europe
37
Inactive composition
A composition that does not suggest movement or dynamism; it is static and predictable
38
Industrialisation
The process whereby farmland is bought so that factories can be built in order to mass-produce manufactured goods
39
Informal grid
A composition which is loosely governed by a system of horizontals and verticals, yet these lines are hidden and unobvious
40
Intuition
Knowing something by listening to your feelings and conscience rather than the facts
41
Irony
A strange, unpredictable turn of events, something you did not expect
42
Kinetic
Something that contains moving parts
43
Legibility
Describes the ease at which the can be read
44
Metal alloy
A metal that has been formed by mixing two different metals together
45
Multidisciplinary
Include a wide variety of different discipline within an approach or project; a holistic approach, so that things are looked at from all perspectives
46
Nihilsm
A belief that nothing has any value, especially all existing religious and moral value systems as they believe they are not capable of bringing anything worthwhile to society
47
Non-colours
Neutrals - black, grey and white Used to make colours lighter or darker, as well as create tonal variations
48
Order
When everything has been organized and in its correct place; to follow the rules so that everything goes to plan; predictable and acceptable
49
Panoramic
A wide view of an area of land
50
Portrait format
A vertical, rectangular shaped format
51
Prefabrication
When something is pre-made off site in a factory to standard specifications and then transported to where it is needed and inserted, for example doors, lintels and window sills
52
Prototype
The first design of something; used as a reference to make the rest of the products
53
Proximity
When something is relatively close to something else
54
Psychic automatism
When an artist or designer creates art being led by their subconscious mind; this maybe be during a trance, hallucination or by a way of recording what they had dreamt about; they do not let themselves be controlled.by reason, logic or intelligence
55
Psychoanalysis
A psychological theory that proposes that people's present behaviour is caused by their past experiences
56
Quasi-sculptural
An object or shape that appears to look like a sculpture, yet it is not a sculpture
57
Readymades
Using objects or products that have already been manufactured and changing their function
58
Ribbon/strip windows
Windows that run the entire way around the building with no interruptions; they are quite narrow in height
59
Simultaneity
When difference things occur at the same time
60
Subconscious
A part of our brain that we generally do not have access to, which stores our thoughts and memories
61
Super/photo realism
When an image has a very high degree of detail, generally more detail than would be captured in a photograph
62
Tesselation
A visual illusion is created when the positive space in a picture slowly becomes the negative space and vice versa
63
The American Dream
The utopian belief that all people that live in America can be free and liberated from discrimination and hardship, having equal access to owning land and resources, filled with pride for their country and looking towards a bright future ahead if them
64
Tiling
When images, which are the same size and square shaped, are placed side by side in rows; often the same image is repeating over and over again; may form a pattern
65
Tone
This describes the variation between light and dark in an image; or the quality of a persons voice or writing - what emotion is being communicated
66
Typeforms
A standardised design which can be easily replicated
67
Universal Aesthetic Language
The belief that people all over the world can communicate with and understand the basic visual language of lines, tones, colours and forms, no matter what language they speak
68
Visual closure
Our brains are programmed to fill in missing information or parts of an image
69
Visual echo
A visual element that is repeated as a reflection within a composition to create rhythm and unity
70
Welding
To permanently join pieces of metal together to construct a form or structure by heating their ends and pressing them together

Design (6 decks)

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