Glossary Flashcards
What does encoding mean?
The format information is held in a memory store.
What does retrieval mean?
Recall of information from memory.
What does duration mean?
The length of time information can be held in memory.
What does capacity mean?
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store.
What does primary effect mean?
To better remember the first piece of information they encounter than the information they receive later on.
What does recency effect mean?
Items, ideas, or arguments that came last are remembered more clearly than those that came first.
What does the working memory model consist of?
Central Executive, Episodic feature, Visuospatial sketch pad, Phonological loop and Long-term memory.
What’s the central executive?
Deals with the running of the memory system.
What’s the phonological loop?
Deals with auditory information, (i.e) sounds, including language (encoding is acoustic)
What’s a visuospatial sketch pad?
Temporarily store visual or spatial information inner eye.
What’s an episodic buffer?
Temporary stores that integrates the acoustic, visual and spatial information processed by the other slave systems
What’s a dual task experiment?
A method used to test working memory where a person is required to perform two tasks simultaneously and separately
What are episodic memories?
memories personal to you, like a mental diary- experiences, events that are linked to a time in our life.
What’s a semantic memory?
remembered facts- like a mental encyclopedia it stores facts, words, rules, meanings and general knowledge
What is time referencing?
Tulving believed that episodic memories are linked to a time in which they occurred.
What’s an example of time referencing?
Recalling your first day at school is linked to the date this occurred.
What is spatial referencing?
Episodic memories are experienced as a whole, a temporal frame of reference.
What’s an example of spatial referencing?
That birthday party when I cried.
What does retrieval mean?
Recall of episodic events rely on the recall of the context (where and when it was initially inputted) so if we don’t get the right retrieval cue we are less likely to remember.
What is forgetting?
Retrieval from semantic memory leaves the memory trace relatively unchanged from it’s original form so we recall that as a fact.
What’s a schemata?
Plans and information about things that we have already learned or assumed.
