Glopol Exam

Question 1

multilateralism

Answer 1

When three or more states convene in order to make resolutions to solve specific objectives

Question 2

nation

Answer 2

A group of people with a common shared culture and heritage with a history

Question 3

global governance

Answer 3

The enforcement of government policies on a worldwide scale in order to achieve a common goal

Question 4

sovereignty

Answer 4

The legitimate or widely recognised ability to exercise effective control of a territory within recognised borders. State sovereignty can be challenged internally (secessionist groups) or externally (invasion)

Question 5

national interests

Answer 5

The interests pursued to ensure survival and growth of a state. States implement policies and power types to achieve these interests and maintain sovereignty

Question 6

power

Answer 6

The ability of one global actor to influence the actions of another global actor through various types

Question 7

security

Answer 7

Protection of borders and sovereignty through military power traditionally. Now includes softer security like resource access and environmental protection

Question 8

idealism (relates to policy decisions)

Answer 8

Policy influenced primarily by ideological principles rather than practical considerations

Question 9

pragmatism (relates to policy decisions)

Answer 9

Policy influenced primarily by practical considerations rather than ideology

Question 10

realism (approach to international relations)

Answer 10

Focus on self-interest and state sovereignty over global cooperation and collective action

Question 11

cosmopolitanism (approach to international relations)

Answer 11

Focus on global cooperation and collective wellbeing over individual state interests

Question 12

crisis diplomacy

Answer 12

Negotiations between global actors in response to an abrupt change requiring rapid response

Question 13

samsung (TNC case study)

Answer 13

‘You can even say the Samsung chairman is more powerful than the President of South Korea’ - Sukhoon, Washington Post editor
22% of South Korea’s GDP in 2022
8 factories in India were ‘at best skirting local laws with wages’ - Human Rights Resource Centre 2022
‘Maximize returns to investors’ - Samsung Investor Report 2022

Question 14

isis (illegal NSA case study)

Answer 14

June 2014: Declared caliphate in Iraq and Syria territories
Captured Mosul, Iraq’s second-largest city June 2014
Aims: ‘Carrying out acts of terrorism to instill fear, disrupt societies, and gain international attention’

Question 15

catholic church (legal NSA case study)

Answer 15

‘At this particular moment in our history, marked by increasingly troubling conflicts that undermine multilateralism, it is necessary to consolidate our efforts in favor of integral ecology - an issue that - like climate change - is in danger of being overshadowed’ - Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin
64.63% of Brazil’s population is Roman Catholic
Signed Paris Accords agreement 2015

Question 16

china south china sea (military case study)

Answer 16

‘We have to defend our territorial waters and our sovereignty. It does not matter how many times they send the Coast Guard or the navy there. It is ours and we will defend it… We will not allow a single square, and maybe make it even more smaller, a single square millimeter of our maritime coastal and up to 200 kilometer rights to be trampled upon’ - Ferdinand Marcos Jr., April 2023
$3.37 Trillion USD trade passed through South China Sea in 2016
60% of world maritime trade passes through South China Sea

Question 17

china uyghur (international standing case study)

Answer 17

‘We continue to be gravely concerned about the human rights situation in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region’ - Joint statement from 47 UN states
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation resolution ‘commend[ing]’ China’s efforts ‘in providing care to its Muslim citizens’
12,000 deaths documented by Chinese historian Ethan Gutmann

Question 18

china australia trade

Answer 18

‘The Australian government is aware of longer port processing times for Australian coal imports into China. China’s discriminatory actions are hurting Australia and they are in breach of WTO rules’ - Simon Birmingham, Australian Minister for Trade, December 2020
212% tariff increase on Australian wine November 2020
$123 Billion in exports 2022

Question 19

yemen conflict case study

Answer 19

‘World’s worst humanitarian crisis’ - United Nations
22 million people face food insecurity in 2023
$110 billion United States arms sale to Saudi Arabia
9% of sea-trained oil passes through region
22,000 ships pass through yearly

Question 20

ukraine conflict case study

Answer 20

‘Ukraine is not a real country’ - Vladimir Putin
$135 billion worth of damage reported
$50 billion in United States assistance 2023
‘Ukrainians and Russians are one people’ - Vladimir Putin

Question 21

greece economic crisis

Answer 21

146.2% debt-to-GDP ratio in 2010
300 billion euros IMF bailout 2014
25% economic contraction 2008-2016
3% GDP saved through austerity measures

Question 22

venezuela economic crisis

Answer 22

929,790% inflation rate in 2018
99% of income from oil exports
65% GDP contraction 2013-2019
Oil price dropped from $100 per barrel in 2014 to under $30 in 2016

Question 23

human rights uncrc case study

Answer 23

‘incorrect to say its not permitted to marry of girls who are 15 and younger’ - Saudi Arabia Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdulaziz Al, 2014
‘Independent Thought v Union of India’ 2017 Supreme Court ruling criminalized under-18 marriage citing Article 34 UNCRC

Question 24

human rights cedaw case study

Answer 24

86% of married Egyptian women between 15-49 have undergone FGM - United Nations Population Fund 2021
Article 2 requires abolition of discriminatory laws
Egypt ratified 1981 despite FGM practice dating to 5th Century BC

Question 25

people movement germany case study

Answer 25

‘If Europe fails on the question of refugees, then it won’t be the Europe we wished for’ - Chancellor Angela Merkel 2015
1 million+ refugees accepted 2015
1% annual GDP increase following refugee acceptance - German Institute of Economic Research
Articles 3 and 33 of 1951 Refugee Convention: non-discrimination and non-refoulement

Question 26

people movement japan case study

Answer 26

47 refugees accepted from 10,375 applications in 2021
345,000 foreign workers targeted over five years under 2019 Specified Skilled Worker visa

Question 27

belt road initiative case study

Answer 27

$1 trillion USD invested by end of 2023
$19.1 trillion USD trade between China and BRI states 2013-2023
99-year lease on Sri Lanka’s Hambantota port due to loan default

Question 28

icc case study

Answer 28

123 Signatories
March 2023: Putin arrest warrant issued
44 individuals indicted, primarily African
‘Court of Last Resort’