Glomerular filtration

Question 1

unique properties of the glomerular capillary are

Answer 1

1. increased hydrostatic pressure
2. increased permeability
3. location btw 2 arteriolar beds (afferent/efferent)

Question 2

hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillary increases/decreases net ultrafiltration

Answer 2

increases

Question 3

hydrostatic pressure in Bowman’s capsule increase/decrease net ultrafiltration

Answer 3

decreases

Question 4

oncotic pressure in the glomerular capillary increases/decreases net ultrafitration

Answer 4

decreases

Question 5

which sterling pressure rises as protein-free filtrate is removed from the capillary

Answer 5

oncotic pressure in the capillaries

Question 6

filtration is also related to the membrane characteristics that include

Answer 6

1. glomerular capillary surface area (S)

2. membrane permeability (Lp)

Question 7

glomerular membrane is composed of (3)

Answer 7

1. endothelium
2. glomerular basement membrane
3. epithelium

Question 8

with an increased FF, the oncotic pressure of the efferent arteriole pressure facilitates the

Answer 8

reabsorption of tubular fluid

Question 9

what do we have autoregulation?

Answer 9

to maintain the glomerular perfusion pressure at a steady state

Question 10

at high blood pressure what is critical in protecting the PGC

Answer 10

afferent arteriolar tone

Question 11

at low blood pressure what is critical in maintaining the PGC

Answer 11

efferent arteriolar tone

Question 12

mediators of GFR

Answer 12

1. vascular tone
2. tubuloglomerular feedback
3. AII
4. sympathetic activity
5. prostaglandin

Question 13

the glomerular filtrate is sensed by the macula densa of the

Answer 13

DT

Question 14

increase arterial pressure results in an increase in tubular flow rate thus there is a ______ time to reabsorb Na and Cl and there is an ________ in sodium and chloride concentration when reaching the macula densa at the distal tubule and thus is _______ of renin

Answer 14

decrease in reabsorption and an increase in concentration of sodium and chloride thus renin is not released

Question 15

A II results in 3

Answer 15

1. efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction
2. increased filtration fraction
3. increased blood pressure from systemic vasoconstriction

Question 16

________________ dilate (or prevent AII/SNS-mediated constriction of) the AA at times of volume depletion (don’t take NSAIDs before you become volume depleted during the marathon).

Answer 16

Prostaglandins