Glomerular Dz Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) Low urine pH will falsely decrease proteins on a urine dipstick.

A

(T, vice versa is also true)

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2
Q

If you have a USG of > 1.012 and < 1.030, what value of protein (0, 1+, 2+, etc.) would indicate the need for UPC testing?

A

(2+ protein)

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3
Q

What are some pathological causes for prerenal proteinuria?

A

(Hemolysis (hemoglobin), rhabdomyolysis (myoglobin), and plasma cell cancers (immunoglobulins))

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4
Q

What are some functional causes for prerenal proteinuria?

A

(Strenuous exercise, fever, and seizures)

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5
Q

(T/F) The greater the magnitude of proteinuria, the greater the likelihood that the animal has glomerular dz vs. tubular dz.

A

(T, >0.5 in a dog and >0.4 in a cat is abnormal)

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6
Q

What is the drug of choice for proteinuria?

A

(ACE inhibitors → decreased efferent glomerular arteriolar resistance = decreased glomerular pressure = less albumin being shoved into the urine)

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7
Q

What drug might you add if hypertension in a case of glomerular dz persists after beginning an ACE inhibitor?

A

(Amlodipine)

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8
Q

What drug can be added to the treatment protocol for a glomerular dz case to prevent thromboemboli formation?

A

(Low dose aspirin or clopidogrel)

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9
Q

If a patient has stable glomerular dz and an IRIS CKD stage of 1 or 2, when should you see them back for re-evaluation?

A

(3-14 days after starting or changing therapy; its 3-5 days if unstable and IRIS CKD stage of 3 or 4)

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10
Q

When does a renal biopsy become necessary in a case of glomerular dz?

A

(When you cannot determine an underlying cause and/or you have treated the underlying cause and there is no resolution of the proteinuria; if end stage renal dz is present obv you don’t need a renal biopsy)

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11
Q

When should immunosuppressive therapy be considered for cases of glomerular dz? )

A

(When proteinuria is clearly glomerular in origin, immunosuppressives are not contraindicated, dog breed/age are not suggestive of familial nephropathy, amyloidosis has been ruled out, serum creatinine is >3.0 mg/dL or progressively increasing, or the serum albumin is <2.0 g/dL

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