Globalisation, Modernity And Postmodernity Flashcards
modern society
the nation state - one powerful state control our lives, they regulate our lives
capitalism - the economy is based on private ownerships and the use of wage laborers
these types of societies emerged in the 18th century mainly in the west
globalisation
we live now in a global village in which our lives are shaped by a global framework
technological changes
- can cross continents in a couple of hours now, or exchange info globally at the click of a button, technological changes have helped to close gap between people. although there are positives there are also negatives such as it bring pollution - humans now worse then natural disasters
changes in culture and identity
cultures are now harder to isolate themselves - due to mass media etc
we are living in global culture which now is dominated by the western for the same reasons
postmodernism
- we are now living in postmodernity - an unstable, fragmented, media-saturated global village where image and identity are indistinguishable. we define ourselves by what we consume
postmodernim on knowledge
- if we cannot guarantee are knowledge is correct we cannot use it to improve soicety
- theories such as marxism are just met narrative - someones version of reality - we cannot use - marxism in the form of communism lead to slave labour camps
baudrillard - simulacra - PM
society is no longer based on [roducing material goods but rather on selling knowledge in the form of images and signs. signs don’t stnad for physical reality but for nothing other than themselves - he calls these signs simulacra - he claims that tv is the main cause of simulacra and our inability to distinguish from image and reality
theories of late modernity
Giddens reflexivity
beck risk society
Giddens reflexivity
modern society is experiencing rapid change because of disembedding (we no longer have to be face-to-face to interact) and reflexivity (we are constantly changing our image/ identity to avoid risks and opportunities they might involve) - nothing is fixed and everything is being challenged - society is unstable
beck risk society
he believes in the enlightenment tradition which is the power to create a better world - in the past drought and famine were uncontrollable however today these are because of global warming (humans). he also believes we are in a society of individualization like Giddens and that there is no value in tradition - people have a risk-conscious
marxist theories of postmodernity
w/c revolution would bring an end to exploitation, they believe that society is now PM as their are now major changes in culture such as the importance of diversity and media image. Marxists claim PM is the newest stage of capitalism, to understand PM we need to understand capitalism. harvey says the cap is a dynamic system constantly developing new tech and so on
flexible accumilation
harvey created concept - it involves the use of information tech, expanded service and finance sector, flexible workers and job insecurity. it is used for nich markets rather than mass makrets as items are made in small quantities
politics and progress
flexible accumulation has weakened the w/c and socialist movements and has emerged in things like environmentalism, anti-racism, and women’s liberation. these new alliances according to Jameson and Harvey are hopeful to bring about change