Globalisation Case Studies Flashcards
Growth of manufacturing in Guangdong Province, China
establishment of SEZs
proximity to Hong Kong
attracted FDI from multinational corporations
FOXCONN- Taiwanese electronics company- manufactures Apple, Samsung and Microsoft products
Privatisation and market liberalisation in UK
-Started in 1979 by Thatchers Government
- deregulation of local bus services, gas and British rail
-1997- Bank of England taken out of direct gov control
China’s Open-Door Policy 1980 (gov subsidies and SEZs)
Chinese gov decided to open country to FDI and trade whilst having policy to maintain Communist identity
-established SEZs along coast=increased access to intl markets (Guangdong and Shanghai especially)
-led to rapid industrialisation and urbanisation
Jaguar Land Rover- outsourcing and offshoring (role of TNCs)
-UKs largest automotive manufacturer
-invested in into manufacturing sites eg in India to gain better access to emerging markets
2014- new facility in Brazil
2015- production in Slovakia and Austria
Environmental damage in China
- gov has strict regulations but hard to impose as local Govs more interested in economic growth and corruption
- 60% of groundwater poor
-The Yellow Sea and South China Sea most degraded marine areas on Earth
-5 of worlds most polluted cities in Chin
Deindustrialisation in Detroit
-4th largest US city in 1920s- thriving car industry
-Industrial restructuring from global shift= crime and high unemployment
-City declared bankrupt in 2013
- 1/3 of families below poverty level
Highest murder rate of any US city
Social and environmental change in Karachi, Pakistan
-pop over 24m and 5% growth every year
-1/2 live in slums- 75% work in informal sector
-poverty= young people have social alienation= crime
-residents pay rent to criminal gangs supported by local government
Russian oligarch in “Londongrad’ (increased intl migration)
during dissolution of USSR- businesspeople acquired Soviet industries=wealthy and powerful
-Russian billionaires bought property in wealthiest London boroughs to access global financial markets
in return-UK benefits from their investment
Disney and Americanisation (spread of westernised culture)
-promoting brands from largest TNCs
- Disney Corporation=largest media companies- promotes American values eg family and consumerism
-Americanisation- making ‘white wedding’ the dominant global wedding style
The Paralympic movement (new opportunities for disadvantaged groups)
1948- first organised for ww2 veterans
- official 1960- Rome by Olympic Sumer games using same facilities- now formalised
Bouganville Conflict, Papua New Guinea (cultural erosion)
-under colonial rule (until independence in 1975)- political, social and economic integration
- Panguna mine= pollution of rivers affected livelihoods ofd Bougainville communities
- deep connection disrupted by mining operations which PNG didn’t recognise traditional rights
- around 20k died- direct violence/disease
-1/2 population displaced
Anti-Globalisation movement in India
-over 100 cities dump waste in the Ganges
-globalisation promoting agricultural run-off, factories near rivers- monsoon worsens pollution
however may provide investment to bride gap to 29k m litres of sewage and 6000m treatment capacity
-campaignd against US soft drinks- over-extraction of water
-against high-profile dam developments
The Great Firewall of China (controlling spread of globalisation)
-lots of imprisoned journalists due to their communication with foreign groups
-concerned that internet used to organise anti-pollution protests
-2m monitoring interest for Gov to block websites
-communist wants to protect values and political ideas through censorship
Transition towns and sustainability
-community project to build resilience in response to oil, climate change
-Totnes, 2006- raise awareness of sustainable living reducing dependence on fossil fuels
- community gardens- industrial symbiosis
-local currencies
Fairtrade System
-greater equity to benefit farmers and workers
-trading partnership of NGOs
-Fairtrade minimum price and premium are paid to producer to invest in business or community projects
-workers rights protected
