BRICs as Emerging Powers (Superpowers) Flashcards
Economic Characteristics of Brazil (3+ 1-)
-important regionally for South America (50% of its GDP)
-large reserves of natural resources
-produces and sources own food and energy resources
-faces boom and bust so halts development
Economic characteristics of Russia (2+ 3-)
-9th largest economy
-largest oil and gas reserves
-overly dependent on reserves for revenue (not sustainable income for future)
-hit with EU sanctions which weakened currency
-richest 1% control 71% total wealth
Economic characteristics of China (2+ 4-)
-invested heavily in Africa (developing)
-invested in high speed rail
- GDP per capita 10% of USAs due to large population
-2009, 2% adult pop graduated from university - rising wages so TNCs move away
-Ageing population and One Child Policy may cause economy to collapse
Economic characteristics of India (1+ 2-)
-widespread use of English attracted TNCs
-energy infrastructure and water supply poor eg power cuts frequent
-20% live in poverty
Political characteristics of Brazil (1+ 2-)
-politically unstable until recent years
-lots of corruption
-far right Bolsonaro elected 2018 after 2015 President impeached
Political characteristics of Russia (1+ 1-)
-permanent member of UN Security Council
-strained relations with EU
Political characteristics of China (3)
-doesn’t involve in global crises/aid limiting international relations (unlike USA)
-government run by authoritarian party
-tense relationships with SE Asian nations
Political characteristics of India (3)
-worlds largest democracy
-member of G20 and founding member of UN
-poor geopolitical relations with China and Pakistan
Military characteristics of Brazil (1)
insignificant, small regional role and no international involvement
Military characteristics of Russia (3)
-nuclear weapons and large military
-intervened in Syria with airstrikes damaging other relations
-aircraft ageing
Military characteristics of China (2)
-People Liberation Army worlds largest
-PLA dated- poorly equipped despite large number
Military characteristics of India (2)
-4th largest- personnel and weaponry (nuclear too)
-month-long standoffs with China to maintain border
Demographic characteristics of Brazil (3)
-210m largest in SA
-young
-fertility rates decreased so pop may decline
Demographic characteristics of Russia (3)
-144m largely spread so isolation and lack of development in many regions
-pop declining as birth rates low
-ageing
Demographic characteristics of China (3)
-1.4b= vast labour pool
-expected 12% pop over 65- expensive support through healthcare and social care
-little inwards migration- unable to attract skills from abroad
Demographic characteristics of India (3)
-1.3b
-majority young so large labor pool
-outward migration so brain drain and declining pop
Cultural characteristics of Brazil (2)
-football reputation
-hosted Olympics and Paralympics 2016
Cultural characteristics of Russia (2)
-little influence
-military in Syria (air strikes) and in USA due to Trumps election
Cultural characteristics of China (3)
-due to investment in Africa
-Cantonese food adopted in some countries
-little global influence
Cultural characteristics of India (2)
-Bollywood largest film industry outside of Hollywood (120 films annually)
-Indian food common
Environmental characteristics of Brazil (2)
-deforestation is an issue, Amazon cut down for agricultural and commercial purposes
-pollution
Environmental characteristics of Russia (2)
-ecologically stressed due to human degradation
-extraction of resources damages- salivation, overgrazing
Environmental characteristics of China (3)
-largest co2 emitter, 33% global emissions
-rivers polluted from factories
-Amazon cut down for imports (increasing demand)
Environmental characteristics of India (3)
-biodiverse with various species
-pollution, 3rd largest emitter
-worst urban slums
