Globalisation Flashcards
what is global corporate crime: tax fraud and financial crimes?
- global crimes committed by wealthy and powerful who use influence to ensure no laws exist that would criminalise their activities
- business based in diff countries due to mass media
Taylor- tax fraud ?
global corporate crime
- globalisation made easier for elite groups and transnational groups to move funds and profits around world to avoid taxation
- laundering illegal profits
what is global corporate crime: sweatshops?
- basing factories in poorer developed countries to lower production costs, leading to exploitation of workers
- leads to increase in domestic crime
global corporate crime evaluation?
- has been evident before globalisation, globalisation has just made it more visible (usually invisible due to police/law)
- more accessibility to commit these crimes
- just increased rates of corporate crime due to interconnectedness in society
- marxists- bourgeosie always tried to mask their crimes
- street crime problem in UK- LR
what is green crime?
crime against environment
why is green crime hard to police?
- hard to police this crime bc there are few local/international laws governing the state of the environment
- international laws difficult to construct as all countries have to come to agreement and many laws shaped by powerful capitalist interests
- government reluctant to rein in transnational corporations bc dependent on them for income
what does Rob White say about green crime?
- should be defined as any crime that harms the physical environment and creatures within it
- there are 2 views on the environment
1. eco-centric
2. anthropoc-entric
difference between eco-centric and anthropo-centric?
eco-centric is viewing crime as anything that damages the environment and other specicies wheras anthropo-centric is viewing huamans with the right to exploit the environment and species for own benefit
what does Nigel South suggest about green crime?
- primary crime
- secondary crime
difference between primary and secondary crime?
primary- direct result of destruction of planets resources eg air pollution criems, deforestaiton, animal rights
secondary- involving flouting existing laws and regulations eg dumping toxic waste, breaching health and saftey. aware shouldnt be doing it
evaluation of green crime?
- existed before globalisation, globalisation has just criminalised it
- led to new legisations regarding environmental crimes
what is global organised crime- drug trafficking?
- more ppl/goods flowing in + out of country = more chances for drugs to be smuggled in
- hobbs + dunningham-> crimes increase glocal, eg drugs
- drugs grown in south american countries make way into UK much easier
what is global organised crime- people trafficking?
- adults trafficked for prostitution, forced labour, removal of organs, children for illegal adoption, forced marriage
- easier now due to greater movement and travel around world
what is global cybercrime?
- one of fastest growing crimes in developed world
- include financial scams, computer hacking, virus attacks, stalking, identity thief
what is international terrorism?
- people may be recruited to extremist organisations and terrorist acts organised through social media
- people may travel across world to fight/train for terrorist acts
- ISIS now using social media to recruit new members
how do global cybercrime and international terrorism link?
- crimes been introduced due to global society through media
- access more info of others + target wider audience
evaluation of global cybercrimes?
- durkheim-> media informs us of consequences of crime criminals face, making what is and isnt acceptable in society
- terrorism brings about social cohesion-> binds
- medias involvement positive and negative
postmodernist view on globalisation?
- changed nature of crime
- media made us risk conscious
- displace crime and grows bigger
marxist view on globalised crime?
- corporate crime + organised crime inevitable
- corproate crime always been evident in society eg using lawyers to avoid labelling
- made easier for these crimes to be committed
functionalist view on globalised crime?
- crime always provided a positive function whether or not its changed
-eg saftey value/warning device - merton innovation
- more crimes eg human trafficking to gain success in society
- more crime due to same reasoning
