globalisation

Question 1

held et al on globalisation of crime

Answer 1

now a globalisation of crime that has meant there is an interconnectedness across borders - led to spread of transnational organised crime

Question 2

examples of forms of global criminal economy

Answer 2

• cyber crime
• green crime
• smuggling of illegal immigrants
• arms and drugs trafficking

Question 3

globalisation has caused a risk consciousness - explain

Answer 3

risk is now seen as global rather than tied to a particular place

Question 4

examples of global risk consciousness

Answer 4

• increased movement of ppl - anxieties in west and wanting to protect borders
• internet access - access to world events so we no longer feel like ‘oh that wont happen to us’
• media stories exaggerated negative coverage on immigrants as threats
• 9/11

Question 5

4 negative evaluations of globalisation of crime

Answer 5

• hard to acc investigate - usually secretive and complex (drug trades etc)
• dependance on sec sources as primary is dangerous
• easy to exaggerate importance - has affected other countries more than others
• most crime is fairly routine and low level local

Question 6

2 positive evaluations of globalisation of crime

Answer 6

• led to more inter connectedness in global law enforcement
• valuable as it focuses on newest forms of crime

Question 7

explain the global criminal economy

who talks about it

Answer 7

Castells
global criminal economy now worth over 1 trillion/year due to drug smuggling + trafficking and cyber crimes etc
- mainly due to demand from west and the third worlds willingness to provide due to impoversihed ppl

Question 8

why is the global criminal economy successful in afghanisatn

Answer 8

west wants drugs
- impoversihed peasents in afghanistan who see drug cultivation as attractive as it has higher prices than trad crops

Question 9

evidence for diff types of cyber crime

also sociologist

Answer 9

wall identified 4 types
cybe violence, cyber pronography, deception etc

Question 10

Beck on globalisation

Answer 10

we can provide for ourselves now but we now have ‘manufactored risks’ - man made risks such as green crime. no longer risk of drought but we are causing global warming
‘global risk society’

Question 11

secondary green crimes def and examples

Answer 11

crime that grows out of flouting rules aimed at preventing environmental disasters
- state violence against oppositional groups - french secret service blew up vessel in ocean because it opposed nuclear testing in sea as it was a green crime
- hazardous waste dumping - italian eco mafias dump in sea