global water poverty Flashcards
1
Q
what is the water scarcity index?
A
physical availability of renewable water
2
Q
what is the equation for renewable water supply?
A
Rws= water withdrawal from all sources/ discharge
3
Q
what is the water poverty index
A
physical availability of water + social, economic and environmental factors
4
Q
what are the three main strategies in adressing water supply issues?
A
- capturing runoff
- moving remote water
- producing more water
5
Q
how can we capture runoff?
A
with dams and reservoirs
6
Q
what are the impacts of dams?
A
- the reservoirs create a new blue space which releases a lot of methane
- displaces local communities
- disrupts natural populations in freshwaer ecosystems (disrupting migratory routes and lowering stream output)
- international conflicts
7
Q
how can we remove remote water??
A
through pipelines or trucks and ships
8
Q
what does the use of a pipeline imply?
A
- that there will be water available at one end of the pipeline in the long term
- that there will always be unavailable water at the other end of the pipeline
- that there is enough energy to power the pumping of the water
- that there is a fair political agreement between suppliers and consumers in long term
9
Q
what does “making more water” imply?
A
- extract non-renewable sources (groundwater)
- recycled water
- desalination
10
Q
what are the consequences of extracting ground water?
A
- possible overextraction so dissapearance of accessible source of freshwater
- land subsidence (decrease in elevation)
11
Q
what are the limitations to desalination?
A
- costly to build
- require location next to lots of saltwater
- energetically costly
- constant maintenance
- limited capacity
- produces hyper-concentrated solutions of salt
