Global Systems & Governance - Role of NGOs

Question 1

Greenpeace

Answer 1

In the 1980s, Greenpeace campaigned to create ‘World Park Antarctica’, even setting up a scientific base, and in 1991 the continent of Antarctica was protected from exploitation. Pressure from Greenpeace supporters led to almost every company in the krill fishing industry committed to avoid trawling in sensitive Antarctic waters, protects 1.8 million square kilometres in the Weddell Sea.

Question 2

What is ASOC?

Answer 2

Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC)

Question 3

When was ASOC formed?

Answer 3

ASOC was formed in 1978 after concerns over secret negotiations between parties of the Antarctic Treaty. ASOC was granted observer status in 1991, meaning the organisation can go to annual meetings for the Antarctic Treaty System.

Question 4

What are the main focuses of ASOC?

Answer 4

Main focuses:
- Overall environmental protection in Antarctica
- Monitoring and extending marine protected areas
- Wildlife conservation
- Krill conservation
- Climate change
- Antarctic governance

Question 5

What does ASOC promote?

Answer 5

ASOC promotes scientific research and the conservation and sustainable use of the area. ASOC has actively promoted the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) to conserve and protect the diverse and unique wildlife