Global sporting events

Question 1

The first Olympic Games location + year

Answer 1

1. Location = Athens
2. Year = 1896

Question 2

The aims of the games

Answer 2

1. Promote development of the physical + moral qualities of sport
2. Spread Olympic principles - creating international goodwill
3. Bring together athletes of the world every 4 years
4. Educate young people through sport - in a spirit of better understanding between each other = more peaceful world

Question 3

The Olympic values

Answer 3

1. Encourage effort

• striving for excellence (determination)

2. Preserve human dignity

• demonstrating respect (courage + inspiration)

3. Develop harmony

• celebrating friendship (equality)

Question 4

The British Olympic Association (BOA)

Answer 4

• formed in 1905
• responsible for the planning + execution of GBs Olympic team participation (summer = winter games)
• responsible for developing the Olympic movement in the uk
• not funded by the government
• no political interest
• dependent on commercial sponsorship + fundraising income

Question 5

The International Olympic Committee (IOC)

Answer 5

• created by Paris congress in 1894
• owns all rights to the Olympic symbol + the games themselves
• administers the Olympic movement
• headquarters in Switzerland
• members are appointed to the IOC
• responsible for selecting host cities

Question 6

Berlin - Third Reich ideology

Answer 6

• 1936
• games were used by Hitler + the Nazi party as a stage for political propaganda
• Third Reich = an ideology that viewed Germany as the superior empire
• Germany athletes trained full time - undermining the amateur ideal of the games
• Hitler refused to place the gold medal around Jesse Ownes after he beat the German athlete Luz Long in the long jump

Question 7

Mexico City - ‘Black Power’ demonstration

Answer 7

• 1968
• South Africa’s invitation to the games was withdrawn due to other countries threatening to boycott the games due to it apartheid regime
• African Americans were able to protest to the world when two black athletes used a medal ceremony to protest about their lack of civil rights in the USA
• raised black-gloved fists - a gesture called the black power salute

Question 8

Munich - Palestinian terrorism

Answer 8

• 1972
• a day before the games, Palestinian terrorists entered the Olympic village and seized 11 Israeli athletes
• terrorists made a political request to release 234 Palestinians imprisoned in Isreal
• the German authorities attempted a rescue but all hostages + 5 terrorists were called

Question 9

Moscow - boycott lead by the USA

Answer 9

• 1980
• in December 1979 (1 year before) the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan
• this created conflict that lasted 10 years + extend the Cold War
• the USA boycotted the games, alongside some British athletes
• estimated 4,000 athletes boycotted the games

Question 10

Los Angeles - boycott led by the Soviet Union

Answer 10

• 1984
• in the response to the events of the 1980 games, the Soviet Union announced they would boycott the 1984 games
• 14 nations refused to take part
• the Soviet Union blamed the commercialisation of the games + the lack of security measures