Global Governance Ao2 Flashcards
Can you give an example of social globalization?
The Syrian refugee crisis, where over 6.8 million Syrian refugees have been displaced worldwide, mainly to Turkey and Germany, exemplifies social globalization through international migration.
Give an example of economic globalisation.
Economic globalization is seen in how transnational corporations operate internationally. For example, Apple designs iPhones in California, manufactures them in China, and sells them globally, employing over 1.2 million people across its supply chain.
What is an example of cultural globalisation?
McDonald’s, which operates in over 100 countries and adapts its menus to local tastes (e.g., the McPaneer in India).
Give an example of political globalisation?
Brexit, where the UK left the EU, impacted trade agreements, immigration policies, and financial markets, illustrating political shifts on a global scale.
Give an example of remittances
India received $111 billion in remittances in 2022, making it one of the largest recipients globally.
Talk about NHS and migrant workers in the UK
64% of doctors in the UK were trained overseas, mainly from India
How much of the world are migrants- statistics
3-4% of the worlds population are migrants
- 14.1% of all HIC’s
- 1.6% of all LIC’s
Give an example of glocalisation.
KitKat in Japan offering unique flavors like Baked Potato and Cherry Blossom.
How does the Panama Canal Expansion relate to globalization?
The Panama Canal Expansion (2016) increased global trade efficiency by allowing larger ships to pass through, reducing transport costs, and accelerating the flow of international trade.
Talk about the NHS and flows of people.
NHS and Migrant workers- 64% of doctors in the UK were trained overseas, mainly from India
How many migrants are in HIC’s compared to LIC’s
14.1% of HIC populations are migrants however only 1.6% of LIC’s
Today, 3-4% of the worlds population are migrants
Talk about migration flows with Asia and Europe.
Within Asia: Approximately 63 million people migrate, largely from south to west Asia for better job opportunities.
Between Asia and Europe: About 20 million migrants, with countries like Germany receiving migrants from Kazakhstan and India.
Within Europe: Around 41 million people move, with notable flows from Eastern European countries to Western European nations.
Talk about China as an exporter
China is the worlds largest exporter, accounting for 14.7% of global exports
Talk about low and high level services in the context of Indian Call centres
Interestingly, Indian call centre workers on average are more qualified than call centre workers in England. However, there is a lack of high level service job opportunity in India.
Talk about a site where info can flow easily and accessibly
Wikipedia – A free, user-generated database available in over 330 languages, facilitating global knowledge sharing.
Give an example of glocalisation
KitKat- Appeared in Japan in 1973 and became very popular so they introduced hundreds of unusual flavour varieties alike Baked Potato and Cherry Blossom. This appeals to the Japanese collectibles culture as well as the unusual products popular in Japan.
Talk about the IMF and the Greece debt crisis
IMF and Greece Debt Crisis- 2010- 2018, greece borrowed 240 billion euros from the IMF to prevent their economic collapse. But in return had to implement measures like tax increases and pension cuts cauing unemployment to rise and the economy to shrink by 25%
Talk about the WTO and the banana trade war
The Banana Trade War- between the EU, USA and Latin America where the EU gave special trade benefirs to African and Carribean Produces making it hader for banana growers in Latin America- backed by US companies- to sell products in Europe, After negotiations, the WTO ruled the EU to change trade rules.
How much of the cleaning workfore of london is migrant workers
44%
Talk about unequal flows of people
Gulf States- UAE and Qatar rely heavily on migrant workers from countries like India Nepal and Bangladesh where unemployment is high. Make up 85% of Qatars workforce.
Talk about FDI from china to Africa
FDI, China to Africa- China has invested $200 billion in African Infrastructure particularly transport and mining helping to create jobs and develop.
Talk about Vaccination Inequality during Covid 19
Vaccine Inequality- COVID 19 pandemic saw welthier nations dominating vaccine access while LIC’s struggled. By mid 2021, G7 countries had purchased over 50% of global cavvines dispite only being 13% of the worlds population.
Talk about debt dependency in Africa
Debt Dependancy in Africa- Many LIC’s struggle with debt depemdancy like Zambia has a $17 billion debt as of 2023 with much owed to China, it had to negotiate restructing deals that gave china increased influence over it’s economy
Talk about how FDI has changed due to globalisation
FDI has risen from $400 billion to $1500 billion in 20 years mirroring changes in world trade.
Biggest recipient of FDI overtime
China, attracting $134 billion
Who are the largest global exporters, and how do LICs participate in trade?
China ($2,263bn) is the largest exporter, followed by USA ($1,547bn).
Developing economies share 41% of world trade.
LICs are increasing trade but remain marginal (<1% of global merchandise trade).
LIC exports are mainly primary products (e.g., crops, raw materials), limiting growth.
How does Ethiopia’s coffee trade illustrate challenges in global trade?
60% of Ethiopia’s export earnings come from coffee.
Farmers face income instability due to fluctuating prices.
TNCs & retailers in HICs take most of the profits, leaving farmers with low wages.
Talk about nauru as a single product economy.
Nauru at one point was the richest island in the world per capita even though it is the smallest island nation. They had a surplus amount of phosphate allowing them to have free education, transport healthcare and be tax free. However, they soon ran out causing 80%of their land to be demolished, 90% ending without a stable job and obesity rates to be so high and it becoming one of the unhealtiest countries.
Talk about Brexit and UK- EU trade
Following Brexit, the Uk left the EU single market union leading to new tarriffs and border checks. Uk exports to the EU dropped by 40% and many businesses faced increased costs and delays
Talk about Fairtrade impacts over the last 40 years
Over the last 40 years, the price paid to farmers for many products has halved making fairtrade essential for ensuring economic stability.
