Global Atmospheric Circulation Flashcards
Winds Transfer Heat from the __________ to the Poles.
Equator.
The Sum Heats the Earth’s Surface ___________.
Unevenly.
What is Insolation?
The Solar Radiation that reaches the Earth’s Surface.
Insolation is Greater at the Equator than the ________.
Poles.
Difference in ______________ cause Differences in ____ Pressure.
Temperature…Air…
Winds Blow from Areas of ______ Pressure to Areas of _____ Pressure, Transferring Heat Away from the __________.
High…Low…Equator…
Winds are Part of Global ________________ Circulation Loops, called _______.
Atmospheric…Cells…
Loops have Warm __________ Air which Creates a ____ Pressure Belt, and ______ Falling which Creates a High Pressure ______.
Rising…Low…Cool…Belt…
What are the Three Cells in Each Hemisphere?
- Hadley.
- Ferrel.
- Polar.
1) At the Equator, the Sun Warms the Earth, which Transfers _____ to the ____ above, causing it to ______, Creating a Low __________ Belt. As the Air Rises, it Cools and Condenses forming Clouds and ______.
Heat…Air…Rise…Pressure…Rain…
2) The Cool and Dry Air moves out to ___° North and South of the ____________.
30…Equator…
3) At ___° North and South of the Equator, the Cool ____ Sinks, Creating a High Pressure ______ with Cloudless Skies and Very Low ___________.
30…Air…Belt…Rainfall…
4) The Cool Air Reaches the Ground __________ and Moves as Surface Winds either Back to the ___________ or Towards the Poles.
Surface…Equator…
Surface Winds Blowing towards the Equator are called ________ Winds.
Trade.
Trade _______ Blow from the South East in the ____________ Hemisphere and the North East in the _____________ Hemisphere. At the Equator, these Trade Winds meet and are Heated by the _____, causing them to Rise and Form __________.
Winds…Southern…Northern…Sun…Clouds…
Surface Winds Blowing towards the Poles are called ____________. They Blow from the North West in the ___________ Hemisphere and from the South West in the ____________ Hemisphere.
Westerlies…Southern…Northern…
5) At ___° North and South of the Equator, the Warmer Surface Winds meet _________ Air from the Poles. The Warmer Air is Less ________ than the Cold Air, so it is Forced to Rise, Creating ____ Pressure and Frontal Rain.
60…Colder…Dense…Low…
What is Frontal Rain?
Rain that Forms where the Warm and Cold Air Masses meet.
6) Some of the Air moves Back Towards the ____________, and the Rest Moves Towards the ________.
Equator…Poles…
At the Poles, the Cool Air ________, Creating _______ Pressure. The High Pressure Air is Drawn Back Towards the Equator as ____________ Winds.
Sinks…High…Surface…
Heat is Transferred by ________ Currents.
Ocean.
Ocean Currents are Large Scale ______________ of Water that Transfer Heat _________ from Warmer to Cooler __________.
Movements…Energy…Regions…
___________ Currents are caused by _______ and Help Transfer Heat Away from the Equator. The Gulf Stream brings Warm Water from the Caribbean and keeps Western Europe Warm.
Surface…Winds…
There are Deep Ocean __________ Driven by Differences in Water __________.
Currents…Density…
When Water ___________ at the Poles, the Surrounding Water gets ___________, Increasing its Density.
Freezes…Saltier…
As Ice gets __________, it Sinks, causing Warmer Water to Flow in at the ___________ - Creating a Current. This Warmer Water is Cooled and Sinks, Continuing the ________.
Denser…Surface…Cycle…
The Cycle of Cooling and Sinking moves Water in a Big ______ round the Earth - known as ________________ Circulation.
Loop…Thermohaline…
The ___________ Belts caused by Global Atmospheric Circulation cause Variations in __________.
Pressure…Climate…
Arid. Sinking Air from the Hadley and Ferrel ______ meeting causes High Pressure and Prevents ___________. This is Very ____ for most of the Year. Temperatures are ____ or Warm.
Cells…Rainfall…Low…Hot…
Tropical. Rising Air from the Two _________ Cells meeting causes Low Pressure and lots of ____________. Temperatures are _____ all the Time and Rainfall is ______.
Hadley…Rainfall…Hot…High…
Polar. Sinking Air from the ________ Cells Creates an Area of _____ Pressure at the ________. Temperatures are ____ all Year round, so there’s Very ________ Rainfall.
Polar…High…Poles…Low…Little…
