Glaucoma Flashcards
What is Glaucoma?
Intraocular hypertension which is increased pressure in the eye which if left untreated can damage the optic nerve and cause blindness
Where is the anterior chamber?
Cornea to the iris
Where is the posterior chamber?
Iris to lens
Where is the virtuous chamber?
Lens to back of eye
Which chambers are in the anterior segment of the eye?
Anterior chamber and posterior chamber
Which chamber is the in posterior segment of the eye?
Vitreous chamber
What humour is in the anterior segment?
aqueous humour
What humour is in the posterior segment?
Vitreous humour
What secretes the aqueous humour and then where does it go?
Ciliary epithelium secrete into the posterior chamber which flow through to the anterior chamber, out of the eye trough the trabecular meshwork and into the canal of sclemm and into aqueous veins
What occurs in Glaucoma?
Drainage system is blocked and causing intraocular hypertension, causing optic nerve damage and vision loss
What is open angle glaucoma?
angle between the cornea and iris is open, slowly clogs over time, optic nerve damage at first from the outside, so peripheral vision affected first
What is closed angle glaucoma
Iridocorneal angle is small and too narrow as lens is pushed against the iris, causing a rapid pressure buildup, causing pain, redness, blurry vision, heachaches etc
What is normal tension glaucoma?
normal pressure in the eye but optic nerve is damaged by hypoperfusion or hypersensitivity
How is Glaucoma diagnosed?
Tonometry, visual field testing, optic nerve damage
What is Glaucoma treatment?
Medications to lower pressure- Beta adrenergic receptor antagonists or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors which decrease production of aqueous humour, prostaglandins which increase outflow of aqueous humour or alpha adrenergic antagonists which decrease production and increase outflow
Laser treatment or implants such as shunts
