glasswares Flashcards
labware can either be
glass or plastic
they are more expensive and requires care while cleaning to prevent breakage and scratches
glass containers
these containers are not reusable
plasticwares
labwares are required to be _____ to eliminate the possibility of contamination of solution due to inadequate cleansing
disposable
what are the types of glasswares
borosilicate glass (pyrex/kimax)
boron free glassware/ soft glass
corex ( corning)
flint glass
vycor
used for heating and sterilization processes
borosilicate glass
characterized by high degreeof thermal resistance
borosilicate glass
high resistance to alkaline
boron-free glassware
thermal resistance is less compared to borosilicate glass
boron-free glassware
made up of alumina-silicate glass that has been strengthened chemically and thermally
corex
six times stronger compared to borosilicate glass
corex
made up of soda-lime and a mixture of calcium, silicon, sodium oxides
flint glass
poor resistance to high temperature
flint glass
for solutions that need heating at a high temperature
vycor
can be heated to 900 degrees and can be used for extreme high temperature
vycor
what are the types of plasticware
polyolefins/polyethylene/ polypropylene
polycarbonate
fluorocarbon resins or teflon
chemically inert resins
polyolefins
resistant to acids, alkalis, salt solutions
polyolefins
has a clear appearance and because of its strength it may be used for centrifuge tube
polycarbonate
chemical resistance is less than polyolefins
polycarbonate
chemically inert and used for high temperature from -270 degree celcius to +255 degree celcius
fluorocarbon resins or teflon
provides non-wettable surface
fluorocarbon resins or teflon
used for stir bars and tubing
fluorocarbon resins or teflon
what are the common glasswares in the lab?
test tubes
pipette
micropipette
automatic pipette
petri dish
beakers
flasks
stirring rod
graduated cylinder
vials
most common glassware
test tube
also known as the culture tube (microbiology section) or sample tube
test tube
common piece of glassware consisting of a finger-like length of a glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom
test tube
used as a container for mixing the specimen of a patient
test tube
are glass or plastic tubes that are usually open at both ends
pipettes
used to transfer SPECIFIC AMOUNT of liquid from one container to another
pipette
used for volumes from 1 to 100 millimeters
pipette
one of the skills that medtech should developed inside the laboratory
pipetting
what are the classifications for pipet
calibration marks or design
drainage characteristics
type
under calibration marks or design
to deliver (TD)
to contain (TC)
under drainage characteristics
blow-out (TC)
self-drainage (TD)
under type
transfer
graduated or measuring pipet
where is calibration mark seen?
on the body of the pipette
it DELIVERS THE EXACT AMOUNT it hold into the container
to deliver
it HOLDS THE PARTICULAR VOLUME but does not dispense the exact volume
to contain
it has a continuous frosted rings (colored rings) on top of the pipet
blowout (TC)
exact volume is obtained when the last drop is blown out using an aspirator
blowout
absence of frosted rings and liquid can be drain by gravity
self draining (TD)
kinds of transfer type
volumetric pipet
ostwald folin
van slyke pipet
pasteur pipet
for non-viscous fluid; self-draining; small amount left in the tip should not be blown out; used to deliver a specific volume of liquid
volumetric pipet
shaped like rolling pins with a large belly, one blunt end (neck), one tapering end
volumetric pipet
for viscous fluid; with etched rings; bulb closer to the delivery tip; these are blown out pipets
ostwald folin
bulb is situated between the mouthpiece and the delivery tip
van slyke pipets
transfer fluid without consideration of a specific volume
pasteur pipet
don’t pay much to graduation marks
pasteur pipets
types of graduated or measuring pipet
serological pipet and mohr pipet
with graduation up to the tip; blowout pipet
serological pipet
without graduation to the tip; calibrated between 2 marks; self draining
mohr pipet
if the delivery tip is not calibrated up to the 10th mark it is considered a
serological pipet
if calibration to 10 ml, it is a
mohr pipet
If a frosted band or two thin rings around the
neck, then it is a
blowout pipet
these are the manufacturers code for the maximum volume of the pipet
thick colored rings or colored dots
for quantities less than 1 mL or 1000 microliters; to contain pipets
micropipettes
examples of micropipettes
rbc and wbc thoma pipets
sahli-hellige pipets
lang-levy pipets
used for MANUAL CELL COUNTS in the hematology section
rbc and wbc thoma pipets
manual determination of hemoglobin
sahli-hellige pipets
the 2 kinds of thomas pipettes
rbc pipette and wbc pipette
same parts of rbc and wbc pipette
calibrated stem
bulb
short stem
differences between rbc and wbc pipette
bead color
graduation mark
size of the bulb
size of the lumen
bead color for rbc thoma pipette
red
bead color for wbc thoma pipette
white
graduation mark for rbc thoma pipette
graduations up to 101 mark
graduation mark for wbc thoma pipette
graduations up to 11 mark
size of the bulb for rbc thoma pipette
larger
size of the bulb for wbc thoma pipette
smaller
size of the lumen for rbc thoma pipette
smaller
size of the lumen for wbc thoma pipette
larger
more accurate and precise when it comes in aspirating and dispensing the solution into another container
automatic pipettes
type of automatic pipettes
handheld and automated
uses disposable tips and the technologist performs aspiration and dispensing
handheld
types of automated pipettes
air displacement pipette, positive displacement pipette , dispenser or diluter pipette
it RELIES TO THE PISTON FOR SUCTION CREATION to draw the sample into a disposable tip
air displacement pipet
the piston does not come in contact with the liquid
air displacement pipet
factors that can affect the performance of the air displacement pipet
temperature
atmospheric pressure
gravity
how does the air displacement pipet works
- the piston moves to the appropriate position when the volume is set
- when the operating button is pressed to the first stop, the piston expels the same volume of air as indicated on the volume setting
- after immersing the tip into the liquid, the operating button is released. this will signal for the pipet to aspirate the sample. this creates a partial vacuum, and the specified volume of liquid is aspirated into the tip.
- when the operating button is pressed at the first stop again, the air dispenses the liquid. to completely empty the tip, press the operating button to the second stop
parts of the air displacement pipet
piston
shaft
air space
disposable tip
it operates by moving the piston in the pipet tip or barrel, much like a hypodermic syringe
positive displacement pipet
the piston touches the sample and do not require different tip for each use
positive displacement pipet
the tip of the piston is disposable
positive displacement pipet
based on direct contact of the piston with the liquid or sample. the aspirated liquid amount
depends on the
dimension of the cylinder or capillary and the movement distance of the piston
how does the positive displacement pipet work?
- the piston moves down inside the tip to make direct contact with the sample
- the piston moves up to draw the sample into the tip
- when dispensing, the piston descends, and the selected volume is dispensed
it obtains liquid from a common reservoir and dispensed repeatedly
dispenser or diluter pipet
combines sampling and dispensing functions
dispenser or diluter pipet
parts of a positive displacement pipet
shaft
disposable piston
disposable capillary
piston seal
they are made primarily of polypropylene
plastic tips
as the fluid is allowed to drain at the receiving vessel, the pipet should be held in a _________ position with the tip against the side of the receptacle
slanted
imperfect wetting or the presence of discreet droplet of water indicates that the pipette is not
sufficiently clean
when we used automatic pipette with tips, make sure that there is no ________ present inside the tip or plastic tip
bubbles or spaces
petri dish was invented by _______ in _____
Julius Richard Petri in 1887
simple pair of nesting glass dishes - keeping specimens of growing bacteria sterile
petri dish
shallow cylindrical containers with fitted lids that are designed specifically for microbiology or culture cell use
petri dish
typically made of borosilicate glass or clear plastic (usually polystyrene or polycarbonate) and come in variety of sizes
petri dish
petri dish can’t be reusable or disposable
false
what is the procedure for glass petri dish?
autoclave, remove agar, clean the dish, put it back in the autoclave for sterilization
what is the procedure for plastic petri dish?
autoclave then discard
these beakers can be heated to a higher temperature compared to plastic counterparts, while offering HIGHER CLARITY for CONTENT VISIBILITY and MEASURING
glass beakers
features of glass beakers
uniform sidewalls, bottom thickness with a flat bottom and a beak, or small spout, for easier pouring
used for precise volume measurement
glass beakers
they have _____ on their side that are accurate within 10%
graduated markings
what are the other term for Erlenmeyer flask
also known as conical flask or titration flask
features of an erlenmeyer flask
flat bottom
conical body
cylindrical neck
they have wide bases with sides that taper upwards to a short vertical neck
erlenmeyer flask
allow the contents of the flask to be mixed by swirling without the risk of spilling, making it suitable for titration
slanted size and narrow neck
suitable for boiling liquid
erlenmeyer flask
what is the other term for volumetric flask
measuring flask or graduated flask
features of a volumetric flask
pear-shaped with a flat bottom and made up of glass or plastic
they are _____ to contain a precise volume at a certain temperature used for precise dilutions or preparations of standard solution
calibrated
also known as boiling flask
florence flask
features of florence flask
round body
long neck
often a flat bottom ( sometimes produced with a round bottom and thus need support in order to stand upright)
designed for uniform heating, distillation, and ease of swirling
often made of borosilicate glass to resist high temp
designed for chemical resistance
florence flask
also known as the glass rod
stirring rod
what are the types of flask
erlenmeyer flask
volumetric flask
florence flask
use of stirring rod
mix chemicals and decanting supernatants
stirring rod is made of
borosilicate glass or polypropylene plastic
usually made of solid glass, about the thickness and slightly longer than a drinking straw, with rounded edges
stirring rod or glass rod
why is the edge of the stirring rod smooth and rounded?
to prevent scratching the surface of glassware during use which may lead to crack when heated
also known as the measuring cylinder or mixing cylinder
graduated cylinder
the graduated cylinder measures the what?
volume of a liquid
features of a graduated cylinder
narrow cylindrical shape with each marked line representing the amount of liquid that has been measured
graduated cylinder is usually made up of ?
polypropylene for excellent chemical resistance
polymethyl pentene - for transparency
making them lighter and less fragile than glass
traditional graduated cylinder is usually narrow and tall to
increase the accuracy and precision
of volume measurements
is graduated cylinder appropriate to be used in volumetric analysis?
nauurrr
used for general collection, storage, transportation of samples
vials
may be sterile, non-sterile, and/or autoclavable
vials
