Glaciation

Question 1

What are the 3 three glacial processes?

Answer 1

Erosion, abrasion and freeze-thaw weathering.

Question 2

What is Erosion?

Answer 2

The wearing away of the land

Question 3

What is abrasion?

Answer 3

the process of scraping or wearing the ground changing the shape also causing striations

Question 4

What is Freeze-Thaw weathering?

Answer 4

When there is a crack in a rock, water fills the rock, it freezes and the rock expand so there is a bigger crack. The water melts and leaves the rock, this repeats until the rock splits.

Question 5

What are the 5 glacial landforms?

Answer 5

The 5 glacial landforms are an arête, u shaped valley, tarn, pyramidal peak and corrie

Question 6

1) What is an arête?
2) How is it formed?

Answer 6

1) An arête is a knife-edged ridge
2) It is often formed between two corries.

Question 7

1) What is a u shaped valley?
2) How is it formed?

Answer 7

1) A wide, steep sided valley in the shape of a u that usually has a river going down it.
2) It is formed by glacial erosion

Question 8

1) What is a pyramidal peak?
2) How is it formed?

Answer 8

1) A sharp-edged mountain peak where 3 or more arêtes meet.
2) Glaciers erode backwards towards each other, carving out the rocks by plucking and abrasion.

Question 9

1) What is a corrie?

Answer 9

1) A deep depression (hollow) on a hill side with a steep back wall

Question 10

1) What is a tarn?
2) How is it formed?

Answer 10

1) A deep depression (hollow) on a hill side filled with glacial meltwater
2) It’s formed by meltwater collecting at the bottom of corries.

Question 11

What is a glacier?

Answer 11

A glacier is a large mass of ice often shaped like a river that flows very slowly, under the force of gravity. Usually down slopes and across the land.

Question 12

What is an ice sheet?

Answer 12

An ice sheet is a thick layer of ice that covers more than 50,000 sq km. It completely covers the landscape including mountains and valleys

Question 13

What is weathering?

Answer 13

When rock/ice is exposed to weather conditions which cause it to change

Question 14

What is glacial transportation?

Answer 14

As glaciers move, they transport material from one place to another.

Question 15

What is it called when large rocks are moved by glaciers?

Answer 15

Glacial erratics

Question 16

What is a hazard?

Answer 16

A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition

Question 17

Name 4 hazards in glaciated areas.

Answer 17

1. Flooding
2. Rock surge
3. Ice fall
4. Rock fall

Question 18

What is plucking?

Answer 18

When a glacier picks up rocks as it moves along.

Question 19

What is supraglacial?

Answer 19

Supraglacial is when rocks are transported on top of a glacier.

Question 20

What is englacial?

Answer 20

Englacial is when rocks are transported in the middle of a glacier.

Question 21

What is subglacial?

Answer 21

Subglacial is when rocks are transported underneath the glacier.

Question 22

What is it called when rocks are transported in the middle of a glacier?

Answer 22

Englacial

Question 23

What is it called when rocks are transported on top of a glacier?

Answer 23

Supraglacial

Question 24

What is it called when rocks are transported underneath a glacier?

Answer 24

Subglacial

Question 25

What are the 5 avalanche preventions?

Answer 25

The 5 avalanche preventions are: 1. Building regulations 2. Explosive bombardment 3. Shipping forecast 4. Avalanche sheds 5. Afforestation

Question 26

What are building regulations?

Answer 26

A set of rules which defines how new buildings must be built.

Question 27

What is explosive bombardment?

Answer 27

Explosive charges placed on the mountainside or thrown from helicopters to explode creating mini avalanches in a controlled manner.

Question 28

What is shipping forecast?

Answer 28

The weather forecast for a particular area in the sea/ocean used by ship captains

Question 29

What are avalanche shed?

Answer 29

Covers over the roads which protect from avalanches.

Question 30

What is afforestation?

Answer 30

The re-planting of trees.

Question 31

Name 4 things they use the Andes mountains for?

Answer 31

1. Farming 2. Mining 3. Hydro-Electric Power 4. Tourism

Question 32

Where are the Andes mountains?

Answer 32

The Andes Mountains line the western edge of South America

Question 33

What countries are prone to glaciers?

Answer 33

Greenland, Antarctica, Alaska, Iceland, Canada, New Zealand and the Himalayas

Question 34

Where is La Plange ski resort? use North, South, East, West.

Answer 34

It’s east from Lyon and South West from Switzerland.

Question 35

Where and what is Chamonix?

Answer 35

Chamonix is in the Alps. It is a mountain rage in Europe.