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Geography Yr8 > Glaciation > Flashcards

Glaciation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 three glacial processes?

A

Erosion, abrasion and freeze-thaw weathering.

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2
Q

What is Erosion?

A

The wearing away of the land

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3
Q

What is abrasion?

A

the process of scraping or wearing the ground changing the shape also causing striations

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4
Q

What is Freeze-Thaw weathering?

A

When there is a crack in a rock, water fills the rock, it freezes and the rock expand so there is a bigger crack. The water melts and leaves the rock, this repeats until the rock splits.

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5
Q

What are the 5 glacial landforms?

A

The 5 glacial landforms are an arête, u shaped valley, tarn, pyramidal peak and corrie

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6
Q

1) What is an arête?
2) How is it formed?

A

1) An arête is a knife-edged ridge
2) It is often formed between two corries.

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7
Q

1) What is a u shaped valley?
2) How is it formed?

A

1) A wide, steep sided valley in the shape of a u that usually has a river going down it.
2) It is formed by glacial erosion

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8
Q

1) What is a pyramidal peak?
2) How is it formed?

A

1) A sharp-edged mountain peak where 3 or more arêtes meet.
2) Glaciers erode backwards towards each other, carving out the rocks by plucking and abrasion.

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9
Q

1) What is a corrie?

A

1) A deep depression (hollow) on a hill side with a steep back wall

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10
Q

1) What is a tarn?
2) How is it formed?

A

1) A deep depression (hollow) on a hill side filled with glacial meltwater
2) It’s formed by meltwater collecting at the bottom of corries.

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11
Q

What is a glacier?

A

A glacier is a large mass of ice often shaped like a river that flows very slowly, under the force of gravity. Usually down slopes and across the land.

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12
Q

What is an ice sheet?

A

An ice sheet is a thick layer of ice that covers more than 50,000 sq km. It completely covers the landscape including mountains and valleys

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13
Q

What is weathering?

A

When rock/ice is exposed to weather conditions which cause it to change

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14
Q

What is glacial transportation?

A

As glaciers move, they transport material from one place to another.

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15
Q

What is it called when large rocks are moved by glaciers?

A

Glacial erratics

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16
Q

What is a hazard?

A

A hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition

17
Q

Name 4 hazards in glaciated areas.

A
  1. Flooding
  2. Rock surge
  3. Ice fall
  4. Rock fall
18
Q

What is plucking?

A

When a glacier picks up rocks as it moves along.

19
Q

What is supraglacial?

A

Supraglacial is when rocks are transported on top of a glacier.

20
Q

What is englacial?

A

Englacial is when rocks are transported in the middle of a glacier.

21
Q

What is subglacial?

A

Subglacial is when rocks are transported underneath the glacier.

22
Q

What is it called when rocks are transported in the middle of a glacier?

A

Englacial

23
Q

What is it called when rocks are transported on top of a glacier?

A

Supraglacial

24
Q

What is it called when rocks are transported underneath a glacier?

A

Subglacial

25
Q

What are the 5 avalanche preventions?

A

The 5 avalanche preventions are:
1. Building regulations
2. Explosive bombardment
3. Shipping forecast
4. Avalanche sheds
5. Afforestation

26
Q

What are building regulations?

A

A set of rules which defines how new buildings must be built.

27
Q

What is explosive bombardment?

A

Explosive charges placed on the mountainside or thrown from helicopters to explode creating mini avalanches in a controlled manner.

28
Q

What is shipping forecast?

A

The weather forecast for a particular area in the sea/ocean used by ship captains

29
Q

What are avalanche shed?

A

Covers over the roads which protect from avalanches.

30
Q

What is afforestation?

A

The re-planting of trees.

31
Q

Name 4 things they use the Andes mountains for?

A
  1. Farming
  2. Mining
  3. Hydro-Electric Power
  4. Tourism
32
Q

Where are the Andes mountains?

A

The Andes Mountains line the western edge of South America

33
Q

What countries are prone to glaciers?

A

Greenland, Antarctica, Alaska, Iceland, Canada, New Zealand and the Himalayas

34
Q

Where is La Plange ski resort? use North, South, East, West.

A

It’s east from Lyon and South West from Switzerland.

35
Q

Where and what is Chamonix?

A

Chamonix is in the Alps. It is a mountain rage in Europe.

Geography Yr8 (7 decks)

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