git pharm Flashcards
h2 blockers
cimetidine ,famotidine , nizatidine
reversible block of h2 recep ,dec secretion by parietal cells
peptic ulcer, gastritis ,mild esophegeal reflux
cimetidine is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome p450 ,it also has antiandrogenic effects
dec renal excretion of cr
proton pump inhibitors
omeprazole ,lansoprazole ,esomeprazole ,pantoprazole ,dexlansprazole
irreversibly inhibit h/k atpase in stomach parietal cells
peptic ulcer ,gastritis ,esophageal reflux ,zollinger ellison syndrome ,component of therapy for hpylori ,stress ulcer prophylaxis
a/e ,inc risk for c difficle infection ,pneumonia , acute interstitial nephritis , vit b12 malabsorption , dec serum mg ,and dec ca absorption ,potentially leading to inc risk of fracture
antaacids
cause hypokalemia
aluminum hydroxide .chops (constipation hypophosphatatemia ,ostedystrophy,proximal muscle weakness ,seizures)
ca carbonate ,hypercalcemia,rebound acid.can chelate dec effectiveness of other drugs
mg hydroxide ,diarrhea, hporeflexia ,hypotension, cardiac arrest,
bismuth sucraflate
bind to ulcer base providing physical protection and allowing hco3 secretion to reestablish ph gradient in mucous layer ,sucraflate requires acidic envirnoemnt not given with ppi h2 blocker
inc ulcer healign travelers diarrhea
bismuth used in qaudruple therapy for gastritis
misoprostol
pge1 analog ,inc production and sec of gastric mucous barrier
prevention of nsaids induced peptic ulcers
nsaids block pge1 production ,also used for induction of labor
diarrhea contraindicated in patients of childbearing potential
octereotide
somatostatin analog ,variceal bleeding
acromegaly ,vipoma ,carcinoid
nausea cramps steatorrhea
sulfasalazine
a combination of sulfapyridine and 5aminosalicylic acid activated by colonic bac
uc crohons
malaise nasuea sulfonamide toxcitity reversible oligospermia
loperamide
agonist at m opioid recep slows gut motility ,poor cns penetration ,
diarrhea ,constipation nausea
ondansetron
5ht3 antagonis
acts peripherally and centrally
potent antiemetic
controls vomiting post op, in pts undergoing ca chemotherapy
headache constipation ,qt interval prolongation ,serotonin syndrome
aprepitant
substance p antagonist blocks nk1 receptors in brainf
antiemetic for chemotherapy
metoclopramide
d2 recep antagonist
inc resting tone contractility ,les tone ,motility ,promotes gastric emptying does not influence colon transport time
diabetic and postop gastroparesis antiemetic ,persistant GERD
inc parkinsonian effects, tardive dyskinesia ,restless ness,drowsiness ,fatigue ,deppresion ,diarrhea,contraindicated with pts with small bowel ob,parkinson dec seizure threshold
orlistat
inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase, dec breakdown and absorption of fats ,weight loss
abdominal pain,flatulance ,steatorrrhea, dec absorption of fat soluble vit
orlistat
inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase, dec breakdown and absorption of fats ,weight loss
abdominal pain,flatulance ,steatorrrhea, dec absorption of fat soluble vit