GIT Pathology

Question 1

What is required for the digestion, adsorption and metabolism of nutrients?

Answer 1

For fat we need Biol made by the liver
for nutrients we need digestive enzymes form the pancreas and and enzymes expressed in the small intestine
The small intestine needs maximum surface area in contact with chyme

Question 2

What are the risk factors for the development of cancers of the tube & accessory organs? Explain the pathogenesis where known.

Answer 2

Smoking
Alcohol
Chronic inflammation (gastritis, bowel disease, pancreatitis)
chronic gastric reflux can cause oesophageal cancers

Question 3

What are the possible consequences of chronic gastritis & ulceration?

Answer 3

Increase risk of cancer
chronic blood loss
fatal by acute haemorrhage
perforate (shock)

Question 4

What are the risk factors for the development of gall stones some

Answer 4

5 F's
female
fat
forty's
fertile
fair (skin)

Question 5

How/why may malabsorption of nutrients by the GIT occur?

Answer 5

Malabsorption will occur when there is blockage in either the biliary tree pancreas or small intestine
Also liver disease

Question 6

some of the possible consequences of gall stones ?

Answer 6

one predisposes to more
chronic cholecystitis (increase cancer risk)
obstruction of Biol which causes malabsorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins
pancreatitis
cholestasis which can cause damage the liver

Question 6

Possible consequences of gall stones ?

Answer 6

one predisposes to more
chronic cholecystitis (increase cancer risk)
obstruction of Biol which causes malabsorption of fat and fat soluble vitamins
pancreatitis
cholestasis which can cause damage the liver