GIT I (Lecture 14) Flashcards
Describe the structure of the lip
- Skin part, red region, mucosal part
- Skeletal muscle - orbicularis oris muscle
- Skin – thin epidermis hair follicles sebaceous glands
- Mucosa - stratified squamous epithelium non-keratinizing
- Connective tissue - rich in capillaries, mixed tubuloalveolar salivary glands
What is this slide?
The lip
Describe the tongue
Muscular organ covered by modified mucosa.
Muscle fibres cross one another in three planes.
Attached into connective tissue - lingual aponeurosis and lingual septum.
Ventral surface of the tongue - smooth surface, stratifued squamouns epithelium.
Dorsal surface - mucosa is attached to lingual aponeurosis - no submucosa.
Filiform papillae, fungiform papillae, circumvallate papillae.
Tonsila lingualis - lymphoid follicles, epithelium, crypts, tubular mucinous Weber’s glands.
Glands of the tongue - von Ebner’s serous glands, tubular mucinous Weber’s glands, tubuloalveolar gland apicis linguae.
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
What is this slide?
Tongue
Explain the features of teeth
Crown, cervix, root(s)
Enamel, dentin, cementum, dental pulp
Bony socket - alveolus
Enamel
- 98% mineral salts, crystals of hydroxyapatite, enamel rods.
Dentin
- A calcified connective tissue.
- 72% of mineral component.
- Organic component – collagen fibrils, glycosaminoglycans.
- Is formed by odontoblasts in the pulp cavity, the odontoblast processes (Tomes’s fibers) running in the dentinal tubules.
- Predentin unmineralized dentin.
Cementum
- Has a structure similar to bone.
- Covers dentin.
- Cementocytes and cementoblasts.
Pulp
- Loose connective tissue (mucous)
- Collagen fibrils, ground substance
- Fibroblasts
- Blood supply - capillaries
- Lymphatic capillaries
- Nerve fibers
- Enter through the apical foramen
Periodontium
- Periodontal ligament - connective tissue binding the tooth to its bony socket
- Penetrate into the cementum
- Gingiva
- Junctional epithelium bound to the enamel
What is this slide?
Tooth
What is this slide?
Tooth
What is this slide?
Tooth
What is this slide?
Tooth
What is this slide?
Tooth
What are the exocrine glands of the digestive system?
Major salivary glands, pancreas and liver (with associated gall bladder)
What are the major exocrine salivary glands of the digestive system?
What are thier function, structure and ducts?
Consists of three paired exocrine glands :
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
Function:
- Secrete salivary amylase, lysosyme, lactoferrin and a secretory component, which complexes with IgA (produced by plasma cells in the connective tissue), forming a complex that is resistant to enzymatic digestion in the saliva
Structure:
- Glands are classified as composed tuboalveolar, serous or mixed
Ducts
- Intralobular - simple cell lining - intercallated and striated ducts interlobular - double layered epithelial lining
duct. parotideus -stratified squamous epithelium
What is the structure of the submandibular gland
What are the components of the parotid salivary gland?
- Compound, serous gland
- Alveoli (acini)
- Myoepithelium
- Intercalated ducts - simple cuboidal epithelium
- Striated ducts - columnar epithelium, basal striations
- Interlobular ducts – columnar, pseudostratified, stratified Cuboidal ductus parotideus - stratified columnar
What is this slide?
Parotid gland
What is this slide?
Intercalated duct
What is this slide?
Striated duct
Describe the features of the submandicular gland
- Compound, mixed
- Serous acini
- Mucinous tubules with serous demilunes
What is this slide?
What is this slide?
Describe the features of the sublingual gland
- Comound, mixed
- Mucinous tubules with serous demilunes
- No intercalated ducts
What is this slide
Sublingual gland
AZAN staining
D = interlobular duct
M = mucous tubule
Arrow = serous acinus
What is this slide?
Sublingual gland
HE staining
M = mucous tubule
What is this slide?
Sublingual gland
Describe the features of the pancreas
Mixed endocrine and exocrine gland
Exocrine part has acinar arrangement, consist of:
- Serous cells - highly polarized, typical protein producing cells
- Centroacinar cells - continuation of intercalated ducts
Capsule
Septum
Pancreatic lobules, BM, reticular fibers
Ducts:
- Intralobular intercalated
- Striated have not been differentiated
- Interlobular
Main pancreatic ducts
Secretion = pancreatic juice – digestive enzymes
What is this a scheme of?
Pancreas
What is this slide of?
Pancreas
HE staining
