GIT DISEASE Flashcards
gastric pits
site of hydrochloric acid synthesis
oesophagitis
innflammation of oesophageal mucosa, most frequently due to reflux of gastric contents
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
recurrent backflow of gastric contents into the oesophagus
dyspepsia
indigestion
GORD prevalence
- 20% of adult population in Western countries
- Age-dependent
GORD aetiology
- Dysfunction of the oesopho-gastric junction due to:
- transient lower oesohpageal sphincter relaxation
- conditions that decrease closure strength or efficiency of LES
- Hiatal hernia
complications of GORD
- strictures leading to fibrotic scarring and swallowing difficulties
- barrets oesophagus- metaplastic change in mucosa, where normal squamous epithelium is replaced with columnar epithelium
- incomplete intestinal metaplasia (goblet cells)
- shares similar driver mutations to adenocarcinoma
Acute gastritis
inflammation of the stomach lining
acute gastritis aetiology
injurious agents or impaired defences including:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- ageing
- ingestion of harsh chemicals
- ischaemia
pareital cells
secrete HCl
cheif cells
secrete pepsinogin
Mucous cell
secrete mucus
prostoglandins
- inflammation mediators
- in our GI tract, are protective and help mucousal cells to produce mucus
Acute gastritis pathogenesis
- mucosal damage
- erosions that can casue haemorrhages
Chronic gastrits aetiology
infection with bacillus Helicobacter pylori and chronic NSAID use