GIS W3 FIber Flashcards
What fibers are non-viscous?
insoluble fibers
What fibers can be viscous or non-viscous?
Soluble fiber
a major component of plant cell walls. It is abundant in bran, beans, nuts, root vegetables and apples
a) Cellulose (insoluble)
branched polymers of phenolic subunits. They are found in the stems and seeds of fruits. Has phenyl propane ring
c) Lignins (insoluble)
branched polymer abundant in bran, whole grains, and nuts
d) Hemicellulose (insoluble)
name the insoluble fibers
cellulose, lignins, and hemicellulose
name the soluble fibers
pectins, gum, b-glucans, fructans, and psyllium
are branched polymers abundant in apples, strawberries and apples. They are almost completely degraded by gut bacteria.
a) Pectins (soluble)
a.k.a. hydrocolloids, are secreted by plants to close wounds. They are common food additives, and are completely fermented by gut bacteria
b) Gums (soluble)
are found in oats, barley and mushrooms. They are fermented by gut bacteria to short chain fatty acids
c) b-glucans (soluble)
a.k.a. polyfructose, are found in asparagus, leeks, onions, garlic, tomato and banana. They are prebiotics, promoting the growth of bifidobacteria (gram positive anaerobes) in the gut
Fructans (soluble)
a.k.a. mucilage, has a structure similar to gums. It is quite indigestible and holds a lot of water.
e) Psyllium (soluble)
This fiber delays gastric emptying, increases transit time through the GI, and decreases nutrient uptake
soluble fiber
This fiber decreases intestinal transit time and increases fecal bulk.
Insoluble
These fibers delay gastric emptying, decrease mixing of food with digestive enzymes, decrease nutrient diffusion, and increases small intestine transit time
Viscous
