GI Tract Flashcards
The normal intestinal wall is between ______ mm
3 and 5 mm
Intestinal pathology creates a sonographic pattern known as
1) Target
2) Pseudokidney sign
The segment of esophagus between the diaphragm and the stomach is called
gastroesophageal junction
What is the most common cause of acutely painful abdomen
Acute appendicitis
The right lower quadrant location of the most tender area in the early stages of appendicitis is called
McBurney’s point
Sono criteria for diagnosing an inflammatory appendix includes
1) non-compressible appendix
2) 6 mm diameter
3) appendicolith (fecalith)
What is characterized by hypertrophy of the circular muscle resulting in elongation of the pylorus and constriction of the canal
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Ultrasound is the method of choice for diagnosing HPS. Diagnostic criteria includes:
Pyloric muscle thickness > 3 mm
Pyloric channel length > 12 m
Pyloric cross section > 15 mm
Increased levels of what are found in patients with colon carcinoma
CEA
What is the inflammation of diverticulum
Diverticulitis (colonic outpouchings)
Diverticulum commonly involves what part of the colon
Sigmoid colon
Mechanical small-bowel obstruction can be caused by
1) intraluminal (food bolus)
2) bowel wall lesion
3) exrinsic (adhesions, hernia) Most common
Prolonged bowel obstruction can result in
1) bowel ischemia
2) bowel necrosis
3) septicemia
4) perforation
5) peritonitis
What presents in newborns with the onset of vomiting within hours of birth
Duodenal atresia
Ultrasound eval of duodenal atresia will demonstrate
1) polyhydraminos
2) fluid-filled stomach
3) fluid-filled proximal duodenum
Duodenal atresia is all called
“Double bubble sign”
What is the process in which a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen causing a bowel obstruction
Intussusception
What is the most common cause of obstruction in infants and typically occurs less than 1 year of age
Intussusception
Which of the following describes the ultrasound appearance of an abnormal small bowel segment
a) bull’s eye appearance
b) 5 layers of gut wall
c) color doppler displayed with peristalsis
d) intraluminal and extraluminal fluid
d) intraluminal and extraluminal fluid
The gastroesophageal junction is best seen in the ______ plane, anterior to the aorta and posterior to the left lobe of the liver
a) longitudinal
b) coronal
c) radial
d) transverse
a) longitudinal
Creeping fat is a sign of
a) pancreatic adenocarcinoma
b) crohn disease
c) wilson disease
d) mesenteric ischemia
b) crohn disease
