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BN507 > GI System > Flashcards

GI System Flashcards

1
Q

Order the structures after digestion levels the small intestine

A

Cecum
Asending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum

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2
Q

___ Secreted by the pancreas digesting carbohydrates in the ___

A

Amylase, Small intestine

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3
Q

Pepsin secreted in the ___
Chemically breaks down ____ in the stomach

A

Stomach, Proteins

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4
Q

____ secreted by the ____ chemically breakdown lipids in the small intestine

A

Lipases, Pancreas

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5
Q

Microvili are

A

small finger like projections of absorptive cells

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6
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

Mastication - chewing

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7
Q

Rugae

A

Folds of mucosa and submucosa in the stomach

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8
Q

Which of the following occurs in the stomach?

A

Chemical digestion of proteins

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9
Q

____ breaks complex carbs down into ___

A

Amylase, Polysaccharides

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10
Q

Which cells of the gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

A

Parietal cells

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11
Q

Propulsion

A

Process from muscles in the GI tract

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12
Q

Most absorption takes place within the

A

Small intestine

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13
Q

Absorption of 10% of water and electrolytes

A

Large intestine

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14
Q

Mastication

A

Mouth

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15
Q

chemical digestion of all three macronutrients

A

Small intestine

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16
Q

Emulsification of fats

A

Small intestine

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17
Q

Grinding and retropulsion

A

Stomach

18
Q

Large, slow peristalsis a few times a day

A

Large intestine

19
Q

Pancreases releases enzymes that will chemically digest

A

Lipids,
Carbohydrates

20
Q

Propulsion of material through the GI tract is accomplished by:

A

Peristalsis

21
Q

Chief cells

A

pepsinogen

22
Q

Parietal cells

A

HCL (Hydrochloride acid)

23
Q

Mucous neck cells

A

Mucus

24
Q

Enteroendocrine cells

A

Hormones

25
Q

The purpose of the villi in the small intestine is to

A

increase the surface area available for absorption

26
Q

GI accessory glands

A

Liver
Pancreas
Salivary glands

27
Q

Order the four main layers of the GI tract wall from the lumen outwards (deep to superficial).

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa

28
Q

Deglutition in the esophagus is voluntary

A

false

29
Q

Breaks down triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids

A

Lipase

30
Q

Packaged monoglycerides and fatty acids for absorption

A

Micelles and chylomicrons

31
Q

Where lipids are absorbed into (instead of the blood)

A

Lacteals

32
Q

Emulsifies fat droplets

A

Bile salts

33
Q

Purpose of the vili in the small intestine

A

Increase the surface area available for absorption

34
Q

Which of the following are functions of the salivary glands and saliva

A

Dissolve food chemicals for gustatory chemoreception
Immune protection
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates

35
Q

Proteins are chemically broken down by ____ in the stomach

A

Pepsin

36
Q

____ released from ____ into duodenum

A

Proteases, pancreas

37
Q

Secretions from the liver/gallbladder and pancreas are released into the:

A

Duodenum

38
Q

BIle is produced by the

A

Liver

39
Q

Which of the following are functions of the liver?

A

Producing bile
Detoxifying certain poisons

40
Q

The pancreas releases enzymes which chemically digest

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids

41
Q

Chemical digestion of carbs

A

Mouth and Small intestine

42
Q

Which of the six digestive processes occur due to the action of the muscles lining the GI tract?

A

Mechanical digestion
Propulsion
Defecation

BN507 (12 decks)

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