GI System Flashcards
Order the structures after digestion levels the small intestine
Cecum
Asending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
___ Secreted by the pancreas digesting carbohydrates in the ___
Amylase, Small intestine
Pepsin secreted in the ___
Chemically breaks down ____ in the stomach
Stomach, Proteins
____ secreted by the ____ chemically breakdown lipids in the small intestine
Lipases, Pancreas
Microvili are
small finger like projections of absorptive cells
What is mechanical digestion?
Mastication - chewing
Rugae
Folds of mucosa and submucosa in the stomach
Which of the following occurs in the stomach?
Chemical digestion of proteins
____ breaks complex carbs down into ___
Amylase, Polysaccharides
Which cells of the gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
Parietal cells
Propulsion
Process from muscles in the GI tract
Most absorption takes place within the
Small intestine
Absorption of 10% of water and electrolytes
Large intestine
Mastication
Mouth
chemical digestion of all three macronutrients
Small intestine
Emulsification of fats
Small intestine
Grinding and retropulsion
Stomach
Large, slow peristalsis a few times a day
Large intestine
Pancreases releases enzymes that will chemically digest
Lipids,
Carbohydrates
Propulsion of material through the GI tract is accomplished by:
Peristalsis
Chief cells
pepsinogen
Parietal cells
HCL (Hydrochloride acid)
Mucous neck cells
Mucus
Enteroendocrine cells
Hormones
The purpose of the villi in the small intestine is to
increase the surface area available for absorption
GI accessory glands
Liver
Pancreas
Salivary glands
Order the four main layers of the GI tract wall from the lumen outwards (deep to superficial).
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa
Deglutition in the esophagus is voluntary
false
Breaks down triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids
Lipase
Packaged monoglycerides and fatty acids for absorption
Micelles and chylomicrons
Where lipids are absorbed into (instead of the blood)
Lacteals
Emulsifies fat droplets
Bile salts
Purpose of the vili in the small intestine
Increase the surface area available for absorption
Which of the following are functions of the salivary glands and saliva
Dissolve food chemicals for gustatory chemoreception
Immune protection
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates
Proteins are chemically broken down by ____ in the stomach
Pepsin
____ released from ____ into duodenum
Proteases, pancreas
Secretions from the liver/gallbladder and pancreas are released into the:
Duodenum
BIle is produced by the
Liver
Which of the following are functions of the liver?
Producing bile
Detoxifying certain poisons
The pancreas releases enzymes which chemically digest
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Chemical digestion of carbs
Mouth and Small intestine
Which of the six digestive processes occur due to the action of the muscles lining the GI tract?
Mechanical digestion
Propulsion
Defecation
