GI Secretion Agents Flashcards

1
Q

What is acid rebound?

A

reflex response of the stomach to lower-than-normal acid levels

when acid levels are lowered through the use of antacids, gastrin production and secretion are increased to return the stomach to its normal acidity

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2
Q

What are antacids and what do they do?

A

group of inorganic chemicals that neutralize stomach acid

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3
Q

What are digestive enzymes?

A

enzymes produced in the gastrointestinal tract to break down foods into usable nutrients

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4
Q

What is gastrointestinal protectant?

A

drug that coats any injured area in the stomach to prevent further injury from acid or pepsin

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5
Q

What is a histamine-2 (H2) antagonist and what is it used for?

A

drug that blocks the H2 receptor sites

used to decrease acid production in the stomach (H2 sites are stimulated to cause the release of acid from the parietal cells in response to gastrin or parasympathetic stimulation)

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6
Q

What are peptic ulcers?

A

erosion of the lining of the stomach or duodenum

results from imbalance between acid produced and the mucous protection of the gastrointestinal lining or possibly from infection by Helicobacter pylori bacteria

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7
Q

What are prostaglandins?

A

any one of numerous tissue hormones that have local effects on various systems and organs of the body, including vasoconstriction, vasodilation, increased or decreased GI activity, and increased or decreased pancreatic enzyme release

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8
Q

What is a proton pump inhibitor?

A

drug that blocks the H+, K+–ATPase enzyme system on the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cells, thus interfering with the final step of acid production and lowering acid levels in the stomach

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9
Q

What are the underlying causes of GI Disorders? There are 6

A
Dietary Excess
Stress
Hiatal Hernia
Esophageal Reflux
Adverse Drug Effects
Peptic Ulcer Disease
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10
Q

What is peptic ulcer disease?

A

erosions in the lining of the stomach and adjacent areas of the GI tract

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease?

A

Gnawing, burning pain, often occurring after meals and when laying down

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12
Q

What causes Peptic Ulcer Disease?

A

NSAIDs
Bacterial infection by H. pylori
Stress

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13
Q

How do we determine dosing when giving GI Secretion agents to children?

A

based on age, weight, and formulation

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14
Q

What should we be concerned about giving GI secretion agents to Children?

A

Electrolyte disturbances

Interference with nutrition

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15
Q

Why would we give antacids to children?

A

For upset stomach or if kids are on drugs known to increase stomach acid

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16
Q

Which H2 Blockers would we give to children?

A

Famotidine

Ranitidine

17
Q

Which PPI has pediatric dosing?

A

Lasoprazole

18
Q

Which GI secretion agent is a abortifacient?

A

Misoprostol

19
Q

Which GI secretion agent is the best choice for older adults?

A

PPIs