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gastrointestinal > gi presentations symptom/exam > Flashcards

gi presentations symptom/exam Flashcards

1
Q

5 signs of finger clubbing

A 
loss of nail bed angle
increased curvature
fluctuation
drumsticking
hypertrophy osteoarthropathy
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2
Q

causes of finger clubbing

A 
ibd
cirrhosis
coelic
malabsorption
cardic: ccf
respiratory
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3
Q

signs of chronic liver disease

A 
jaundice
distension
cachexia
bruising
leukonychia
liver flap
palmar erythema
clubbing
spiders >5
gynaecomastia
abdo hair
splenomegaly
caput medusae
pruritus
shifting dullness
hypogonadism
mental state
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4
Q

describing and abdominal mass

M+6s

A 
site
size
shape
smoothness
surface
surroundings
mobile with resp
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5
Q

spleen presentation versus renal presentation

A

spleen

  • enlarge diagonal
  • notch
  • moves with resp
  • dull

kidney

  • enlarge midline
  • indistinct edge
  • doesn’t move with resp
  • resonant
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6
Q

what is it called when non digested food come back up

A

regurgitation

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7
Q

mouth presentations for gi

A 
ulcers
angular chomatitis-dm
hemangiomas
perioral pig- pj
bleeding
dental
hallatosis=sbo
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8
Q

throat presentations for GI

A

dysphagia
achalasia (hallatosis,regurg)
malignancy
haematemesis

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9
Q

what is malignancy of the left supraclavicular lymph node called

A

Virchow’s node

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10
Q

presentation of biliary colic pain

A

epigastric
after eating fatty food
intermittent
stones in gallbladder

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11
Q

presentation of cholecystitis pain

A

constant pain as inflamed peritoneum
RUQ pain
radiate to right shoulder
gallstones in gallbladder+inflammation

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12
Q

presentation of cholangitis

A 
charcot triad
-fever
-ruq pain
-jaundice
common bile duct stones
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13
Q

pancreatitis presentation

A 
pain epigastric
radiates to back as RP
sugars off 
vomiting 
steatorrhoea if chronic
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14
Q

renal colic presentation

A

back pain
haemturia
loin to groin pain

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15
Q

gastritis pain versus gord

A

gord-worse lying down and eating

gastric ulcer=relief by food

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16
Q

haematemesis different presentations fresh blood pathology versus coffee grounds

A

fresh red=oesophageal varices

coffee ground=peptic ulcer

17
Q

classic presentation of peritonitis pain

A 
pain 
rigid
rebound tenderness
guarding 
ileus
18
Q

somatic parietal peritonitis pain
versus visceral pain
-presentation and cause

A

somatic

  • somatic nerves
  • sharp and well localised
  • due to inflammation, infection
  • constant pain

visceral

  • usually midline
  • poorly localised
  • may be intermittent
  • autonomic nervous system
19
Q

main causes of acute abdominal pain

A
  • surgical
  • gynaecological
  • medical conditions
  • intestinal obstruction
  • peritonitis secondary to infection
  • haemorrhage
  • ischaemia
20
Q

what are the surgical causes of acute abdominal pain

A
  • inflammation
  • obstruction
  • ischaemia
  • perforation
21
Q

what are the gynaecological causes of acute abdo pain

A
  • ectopic pregnancy
  • ovarian cyst
  • pelvic inflammatory disease
  • mittelschmerz
22
Q

obstruction pain presentation

A
  • colicky-spasms
  • intermittent until inflammation begins
  • poorly localised
23
Q

perforation pain

A
  • ischaemia
  • constant pain
  • well localised
  • severe
  • peritonitis
  • sudden
24
Q

inflammation pain

A
  • develops over a few hours
  • may be diffuse until parietal peritoneum involved and localises
  • peritonitis symptoms
25
Q

what is acute abdominal pain

A

pain of less than 1 week duration requiring admission to hospital that has not been previously investigated

26
Q

murphy sign

A

hold on gallbladder
breathe in
patient gets pain and stops breathing in if have cholecystitis

27
Q

definition WHO acute, chronic and diarrhoea

A

World Health Organisation definitions

Diarrhoea: > 3 loose or watery stool per day
Acute diarrhoea < 14 days
Chronic diarrhoea > 14 day
28
Q

diverticulitis presentation

A

left lower quadrant pain
diarrhoea
fever

29
Q

most common cause of obstruction

A

adhesions

gastrointestinal (26 decks)

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