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DMP 718 - Veterinary Parasitology > GI Presentations - Ascarids > Flashcards

GI Presentations - Ascarids Flashcards

1
Q

Ascariasis

A

Toxocara canis
Toxocara cati
Toxascaris leonina

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2
Q

Ascarids - Common name

A

Roundworms
Toxocara canis - Dog ascarid
Toxocara cati - Cat ascarid
Toxascaris leonina - Dog,Cat ascarid

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3
Q

Ascarids - Hosts and distribution

A

Canids and felids

Cosmopolitan

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4
Q

Ascarids - Taxonomy

A

Class: Nematoda
Superfamily: Ascaridoidea

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5
Q

Ascarids - Morphology

A

Large nematodes in small intestine

Eggs have a thick, pitted shell, contains a single cell

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6
Q

Ascarids - Life cycle

A

Ingestion of infected larvated eggs or PH with encysted larvae
Burrow through mucosa and enter circulation
Airspaces of alveoli
Ascend to trachea and pharynx, swallowed
Mature in small intestine
Eggs passed in feces

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7
Q

Ascarids - Pathology

A

Pneumonia
Malnutrtion
Aberrant migration

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8
Q

Ascarids - Clinical signs

A 
Abdominal discomfort
Vomiting and diarrhea
Pot-bellied
Malnourished
Death
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9
Q

Ascarids - Diagnosis

A

Clinical signs
History
Eggs in feces
Idexx fecal antigen

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10
Q

Ascarids - Treatment

A 
Fenbendazole (dogs)
Selamectin (cats)
Milbemycin oxime
Moxidectin topical
Pyrantel pamoate
Selamectin topical
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11
Q

Ascarids - Treatment of young and pregnant animals

A

Treat pups and kits starting at 2 weeks and every 2 weeks until broad control begins
Fenbendazole in pregos from day 40 to 14 days postpartum
Ivermectin 10 days pre- and postpartum and 2 weeks postpartum

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12
Q

Ascarids - Reduction of transmammary or transplacental transmission

A

Selamectin 10 days after breeding and then twice at 30 day intervals
Moxidectin (not FDA approved) topical on day 56

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13
Q

Ascarids - Control

A

Cooked food
Prevent fecal contamination
Eggs are resistant and can’t treat soil
Control of paratenic hosts

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14
Q

Ascarids - Public health

A

“Toxocariasis”
Visceral larva migrans
Ocular larva migrans

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15
Q

Toxocara canis - Routes of infection

A

Ingestion of infective larvated eggs
Ingestion of infective larvae in PH
Transplacental transmission of infective larvae
Transmammary transmission of infective larvae

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16
Q

Toxocara cati - Routes of infection

A

Ingestion of infected paratenic hosts
Ingestion of infective larvated eggs
Transmammary transmission

17
Q

Toxascaris leonina - Routs of infection

A

Ingestion of infective larvated eggs

Ingestion of infected PH

18
Q

Toxocara canis - Unique morphology

A

Anterior end showing cervical alae

19
Q

Toxocara cati - Unique morphology

A

Arrowhead

Showing cervical alae

20
Q

Toxocara canis - PPP

A

Tracheal migration: 30-35 days
Mucosal migration: 21 days
Transplacental: 21 days
Transmammary: 21 days

21
Q

Toxascaris leonina - PPP

A

2 - 2.5 months

22
Q

Toxocara cati - PPP

A

6 - 8 weeks

23
Q

Ascarids - Predisposition

A

Young animals
Raised on dirt or sand
High population density

24
Q

Ascarids - Egg development

A

Develop into infective larvated eggs in 2-6 weeks

25
Q

Baylisascariasis

A

Baylisascaris procyonis

26
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Hosts and distribution

A

Raccoons

US, mid-Atlantic, NE and MW states, parts of CA

27
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Eggs

A

Become infected larvated eggs in 3-4 weeks

28
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Life cycle

A

Ingestion of infected larvated eggs by young raccoons or ingestion of a larva in an IH

29
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - PPP

A

35 days

30
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Public health

A

Cerebrospinal nematodiasis
Neutral larva migrans
Continue to grow in human host

31
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Public health

A 
Cerebrospinal nematodiasis
Neutral larva migrans
Continue to grow in human host
Children - CN
Adults - OLM
Albendazole to treat
32
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Intermediate hosts

A

Birds and mammals
Eggs hatch and migrate to the liver
Some enter brain and cause CNS disease

33
Q

Baylisascaris procyonis - Control

A

Decontaminate environment

Raccoons be quarantined and dewormed

DMP 718 - Veterinary Parasitology (8 decks)

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