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DMP 718 - Veterinary Parasitology > Flukes > Flashcards

Flukes Flashcards

1
Q

Alariasis

A

Alaria sp.

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2
Q

Alaria sp. - Hosts and distribution

A

Carnivores

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3
Q

Alaria sp. - Life cycle

A

Operculated eggs in water
Miracidium hatches and enters snail
Cercariae penetrates tadpole, become mesocercariate
Tadpole eaten by frog or dog
Mesocercariae in dog migrates to intestine

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4
Q

Alaria sp. - Morphology

A

3-10 mm long

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5
Q

Alaria sp. - Pathology

A

Adults in small intestine cause mild enteritis

Migration of mesocercariae most pathogenic, destruction of lung tissue

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6
Q

Alaria sp. - Clinical signs

A

Signs associated with migration of mesocercariae through lungs
Adults in intestine not pathogenic

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7
Q

Alaria sp. - Diagnosis

A

Large, operculated eggs in fecal exam

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8
Q

Alaria sp. - Treatment

A

Praziquantel

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9
Q

Alaria sp. - Public health

A

Death, pulmonary hemmorrhage

Mesocercariae from frog’s legs

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10
Q

Salmon Poisoning Complex

A

Caused by a Neorickettsia sp. in the trematode Nanophyetus salminocola

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11
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Hosts and distribution

A

Carnivores

Coastal streams of NW America

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12
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Common name

A

Salmon poisoning fluke

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13
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Morphology

A

Small fluke

Operculated eggs

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14
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - PPP

A

1 week

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15
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Pathology

A

Fluke is host to Neorickettsia helmintheca

Causes edema/inflammation of lymph nodes and destruction of lymphoid tissue

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16
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Clinical signs

A 
Fever then normal
Anorexia
Weight loss
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Lymphadenopathy
Death (7-10 days)
17
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Diagnosis

A

History and region
Clinical signs
Operculated eggs in feces
LN aspirate

18
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Treatment

A

Supportive care
N. helmintheoeca: Oxytetracycline or Doxycycline
N. salmincola: Praziquantel

19
Q

Nanophyetus salmincola - Public health

A

Not zoonotic

20
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Common name

A

Canine schistosomiasia

21
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Hosts and distribution

A

Dogs, wild canids, raccoon, nutria, mink, horses

NC to FL TX up to KS

22
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Morphology

A

Female lives in the gynecophoric groove of the male

23
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Life cycle

A

Eggs laid in mesenteric veins
Eggs penetrate into intestinal lumen
Eggs shed in feces
In water, miracidium hatches and penetrates a snail
Develops into a sporocyst and then cercariae
Cercariae attach and penetrate skin of host
Develop into schistosomula, migrate to lungs, then liver
Schistosomula migrates to mesenteric veins where it matures

24
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Pathology

A

Granulomas form when eggs become trapped

Liver abscesses

25
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Clinical signs

A 
Lethargy
Anorexia
Weight loss
Vomiting
Hypercalcemia
Chronic mucoid to hemorrhagic diarrhea
PU/PD
Coughing
26
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Diagnosis

A

Clinical signs
Geographic region
Non-operculated eggs in fecal sedimentation
Fecal PCR

27
Q

Heterobilharzia americana - Treatment

A

Fenbendazole

Praziquantel

28
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Common name

A

Feline liver fluke

Lizard poisoning

29
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Host and distribution

A

Cats

SE US, Caribbean islands, Hawaii

30
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Morphology

A

4-8 mm long

Large operculum on eggs

31
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Life cycle

A

Eggs ingested by land snails (cercariae)
Lizard secondary IH (metacercarite)
Cat eats lizard
Flukes migrate to bile ducts

32
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Pathology

A

Thickening, cirrhosis, and blockage of bile ducts

33
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Clinical signs

A 
Anorexia
Vomiting
Lethargy
Intermittent diarrhea
Weight loss
Hepatomegaly
34
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Diagnosis

A

Find operculated eggs in feces

Sedimentation exam

35
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Treatment

A

Praziquantel

Fenbendazole

36
Q

Platynosomum fastosum - Public health

A

Not zoonotic

DMP 718 - Veterinary Parasitology (8 decks)

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