GI Physiology Flashcards
What initiates the chemical breakdown of carbs and starches into maltose?
Salivary amylase
What cells of the gastric glands in the stomach secrete pepsinogen?
chief cells
What does pepsinogen break down?
Proteins
What cells of the gastric glands in the stomach secrete HCl and Intrinsic factor?
Parietal cells
Which of the 2, HCl or intrinsic factor, is needed for the absorption of B12?
Intrinsic factor
What cells of the gastric glands in the stomach release histamine?
Mast cells
What stimulates the release of Secretin in the small intestine?
Chyme
What does the presence of fat in the duodenum stimulate the release of from the I-cells and causes the gallbladder to contract and the Sphincter of Oddi to relax?
CCK
What does maltase breakdown maltose into?
glucose + glucose
What does Lactase breakdown lactose into?
glucose + galactose
What does sucrase breakdown sucrose into?
glucose + fructose
Which cells make up the majority of the Pancreas, exocrine or endocrine cells?
Exocrine cells
Which intestine is most of the water in food absorbed?
Large intestine
What is a byproduct of RBC breakdown in the spleen?
Bilirubin
How much urobilinogen is absorbed back into the blood stream and returned to the liver?
90%
What stores and concentrates bile?
Gallbladder
What is from G-cells, stimulates gastric motility, and stimulates HCl and intrinsic factor secretion?
Gastrin
