GI Part 5- 1 Flashcards
What are starch, glycogen, saccharine, and lactose examples of?
Dietary carbs
Further digestion of carbs is achieved by __________ enzymes
Pancreatic
Digestion is finished by enzymes synthesized by __________ mucosa
Intestinal
Absorption of carbs takes place in the duodenum and upper jejunum and is mediated by a ____ dependent transport mechanism (SGLT1) present at the apical membrane, and by ____________ transport mechanism present at both GLTU5 and 2
Na +
Facilitated
Where are proteins denatured?
Stomach
What are proteins partially hydrolyzed by?
Pepsin
Where does final digestion and absorption of proteins take place?
Small intestine
What type of peptidases are aminopeptidases and oligopeptidases?
Brush borders
How do the amino acids go to the liver?
Portal vein
What occurs in the doudenum and aims to reduce the surface area of the hydrophobic lipid droplets?
Emulsification
Bile acids emulsify ____ droplets
Fat
Bile acids (liver) consist of a _____ ring with a side chain of AA
Sterol
What are cholesterol esters, phospholipids, triglyceride?
Dietary lipids
Emulsified fat droplets are still too large to enter spaces between __________
Microvilli
Pancreas lipases hydrolyze triglycerides into _____________ and free fatty acids
Monoglycerides
Fat —> bile salts —> lipase and colipase from pancreas —> degradation products are absorbed by _________ —> FFA and monoglycerides —> chylomicron —> exocytosis —> lymph vessel
Micelles
What do monoglycerides, FFA, cholesterol, and liposoluble vitamins form?
Mixed micelles
Short chain FA __ ____ form mixed micelles
Do not
Once lipids are absorbed:
LCFA fo into the ER for __- ___________ of more complex lipids
Re-esterfication
Chylomicrons are released by exocytosis into lymph -> ______ duct —> L subclavian vein —> _______
Thoracic
Blood
