GI Part 2- 2 Flashcards
What factor does parietal cells secrete that is essential for vitamin B12 absorption in the ileum?
Intrinsic
What cells do all functional cell types of the gastric pit originate from from, they are called stem cells, located in the neck of the gland?
Mucous neck cells
What is in the stomach that increases surface area?
Canaliculus
What does the following lead to?
Pepsinogen —> In acidic pH pepsin = Hydrolysis of _________
Proteins
In calves and lambs:
Prochymosine —> In acidic pH chymosine = Hydrolysis of ______ protein
Milk
What cells secrete their granules content into the lamina propria, some reach the blood capillaries and travel to other parts of the GI tract?
Enteroendocrine
What cells have high mitotic activity?
Intestinal crypt cells
Stimulatory or Inhibitory?
Gastrin, histamine, ACh
Stimulatory
Stimulatory or Inhibitory?
Somatostatin
Inhibitory
When amino acids and fatty acids are present, which GI hormone is released?
CCK
When pH is decreased, which GI hormone is released?
Secretin
Since NSAIDs block the synthesis of prostaglandines and important processes in the gastric mucosa, what do they promote?
Gastric ulcers
What does ACh and prostaglandine E stimulate the secretion of?
Mucus
What does the release of CCK and secretin from the enteroednocrine cells of the small intestine depend of the presence of in the intestinal lumen? (2 things)
Food particles and pH
What acid neutralizes the acidic pH by producing the enzyme urease?
Gastric acid (HCl)
What phase of gastric secretion is the following:
Before food enters the stomach
Stimulated by sight, smell, thought or taste
Greater appetite = stronger stimulation
Occurs in BRAIN
Cephalic phase
What phase of gastric secretion is the following:
Induced by vagovagal reflexes from the stomach to the brain?
Gastric phase
What phase of gastric secretion is the following:
Induced by the presence of food in the doudenum?
Intestinal phase
What does the following result in, in horses and pigs:
The pH is 4-6 in proximal stomach —> colonization of bacteria —> hydrolysis of carbs in short chain fatty acids and lactate —> more acidic pH = damage of the mucosa = _______ _______
Gastric ulcers
