GI parasites Flashcards
Severity of infection is based on what 2 things?
challenge dose and host status
What is involved with challenge dose? What is involved with host status?
Challenge dose is location of animals and housing of animals including population density
Host status is genetics, nutritional level, immunocomp. or not, illness or healthy, age, etc.
Parascaris equorium is most common in adults or foals?
foals, infection occurs in horses that are 2-3 years old
Tx for Parascaris equorium
Surgical correction of impaction usually is necessary
If large burden, consider slower kill method vs paralysis
Power pack method over 5 days kills them at different rates so not a whole bunch dying at the same time and causing impaction
the eggs of what equine parasite can be veryyyyyyy resistant and live in the environment for 10 years
parascaris equorium
_____ ____ can cause intussusception, impaction of the SI, and rupture
parascaris equorium aka equine roundworm
Oxyuris equi (pinworm) is usually in what anatomic location? How do we diagnose them?
In the dorsal colon; diagnose via tape test… do not look for them on fecal because they stick to the rectum of the horse (eggs are around the rectum) (POCO)
Gastrophilus species=
bots
Gastrophilus species
aka “Bots”:
Flies lays eggs “glued” on hair coat, horse bites itself to itch and ingests the eggs into the stomach, may cause lesions on the tongue too
What is the tx for Gastrophilus species
aka “Bots”??
Moxidectin
When you see “Dictyocaulus arnfeldi” think what species??
donkey
Large strongyles are the most pathogenic but are uncommon. T/F
True!!!
S. vulgaris:
Large strongyle, thromboembolic disease because it migrates towards the artery –> artery blocked –>infarction of the intestines
causes colic, infarction of segments of intestine
____ strongyles account for 80-90% of the equine parasite burden, most impt for horses over ___ years
small strongyles; 3 years
____ is an ascaid that will encyst during low transmission seasons (mostly in late fall, winter, and early spring)
Roundworm
Small strongyles vs. ascarids:
Strongyles are the most injurious, whereas ascarids, bots and pinworms generally are less harmful
Combating issues of parasites:
Focus on controlling egg shedding–>prevent transmission by minimizing pasture load
Zero parasite burden is NOT the goal, not realistic either
Maintain refugia
What is the goal of combating issues of parasites via refugia?
The goal of equine parasite control is to prevent disease while maintaining refugia
(Climatic control and
Individual immunity)
___% -___% of horses have 80% pasture contamination
15-30%
round worms are ____ which the major parasite of horses less than 3 years old
ascarids
Small strongyles are the major parasite of horses more than __-__ years old
2-3 years old
rotational deworming selects for ________ ______
anthelmintic resistance
zero tolerance for strongyle eggs in FEC is not sustainable. T/F
Trueee
Identify individuals requiring anthelmintic therapy by a FEC of ____
> 200 eggs/gram
