GI motility Flashcards
Why does the enteric nervous system have a multitude of receptors (substypes) and NTs?
Different regions of the GI tract must coordinated contractions for effective motility
What is the key hormone player in GI motility and what subtypes are there and what do each do?
Serotonin(5HT)
- 5HT1 (peristalsis and secretion, no drugs)
- 5HT3 (nausea and vomiting, ondansetron, metoclopramide)
- 5HT4(increases Ach at ENS plexi, cisapride, metoclopramide, tegaserod)
What is the MOA, use and adverse reactions with Metoclopramide?
D2 - antiemetic
inhibits serotonin 5HT3 - antiemetic
stimulates serotonin 5HT4 - prokinetic
USE: increase gatric and upper duodenal emptying, increase gastroesophageal sphincter tone
USE (poor efficacy): megaesophagus, post op GDV, hairballs, chemo, parvo, horse sI motility
AE: make sure no obstruction, potential extrapyramidal effects, increase prolactin secretion
What is the MOA, use and AE of Cispride?
compounded only
MOA: 5HT4 agonist (increase Ach), 5HT3 antagonist
Use: cats (increase smooth muscle motility, megacolon). Dogs (smooth muscle motility and gastoesophageal sphincter tone, delayed emptying, small bowel disorders). Horses (IV after abdominal surgery)
PK and AE:
- 5h half life in dogs/cats, <2 for horses
Whats more effective metoclopramide or cispride?
cispride
What “pride” drug is approved in humans and have been studied in horses but was seen to be inconclusive?
prucalopride - 5HT4 agonist
What antimicrobial has been used for gut motility?
erythromycin (macrolide)
What is the antimicrobial used for?
- may effect distal GI in horses and cattle
- increase rumen motility in calves
- horses poor efficacy
What local anesthetic is used for prokinetic affects? What is it used for? AE?
lidocaine
Use: horses post op, supresses transmission of sympathetic tone?excitatory on smooth muscle?
AE: muscle fasciculations, ataxia, seizures
