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Adam G. > GI Medications > Flashcards

GI Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Misoprostol (Cytotec)

A

Gastric Protectant

Suppresses gastric acid secretion, prevents ulcers from NSAIDs

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2
Q

Sucralfate (Carafate)

A

Gastric Protectant

Creates protective barrier from acid and pepsin

*Give on empty stomach

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3
Q

Pirenzepine (Gastrozepine)

A

Muscarinic Antagonist. Suppresses gastric acid secretion

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4
Q

Histamine 2 (H2)-Receptor Antagonists

A

Suppresses gastric acid secretion

 - Alleviates symptoms of heartburn
 - Prevents stress ulcers
 - Promotes healing in GERD
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5
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Histamine 2 (H2)-Receptor Antagonists

Suppresses gastric acid secretion

 - Alleviates symptoms of heartburn
 - Prevents stress ulcers
 - Promotes healing in GERD

Side effects: Confusion

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6
Q

Ranitidine (Zantac)

A

Histamine 2 (H2)-Receptor Antagonists

Suppresses gastric acid secretion

 - Alleviates symptoms of heartburn
 - Prevents stress ulcers
 - Promotes healing in GERD
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7
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Histamine 2 (H2)-Receptor Antagonists

Suppresses gastric acid secretion

 - Alleviates symptoms of heartburn
 - Prevents stress ulcers
 - Promotes healing in GERD
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8
Q

Nizatidine (Axid)

A

Histamine 2 (H2)-Receptor Antagonists

Suppresses gastric acid secretion

 - Alleviates symptoms of heartburn
 - Prevents stress ulcers
 - Promotes healing in GERD
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9
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors

A

Suppress gastric acid secretion

-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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10
Q

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

Suppress gastric acid secretion
-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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11
Q

Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

Suppress gastric acid secretion
-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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12
Q

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

Suppress gastric acid secretion
-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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13
Q

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

Suppress gastric acid secretion
-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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14
Q

Raberprazole (Aciphex)

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

Suppress gastric acid secretion
-Treats active ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis

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15
Q

Medication Regimen for Treating H. pylori infections

A

Antibiotics and PPI. Purpose is to protect the ulcer and kill the bacteria.

Triple Therapy
-Esomeprazole (Nexium), Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

or

Quadruple Therapies

 - Esomeprazole (Nexium), Metronidazole (Flagyl), tetracycline, bismuth subsalicylate
 - Ranitidine (Zantac), Metronidazole (Flagyl), tetracycline, bismuth subsalicylate
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16
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Prokinetic Agent. Increases gastric emptying. Used to treat gastric reflux, vomiting, and paralytic ileus.

*Contraindicated in obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation

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17
Q

Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

Helps rid body of bile salts through the feces.
-Treats hypercholesterolemia, biliary obstruction, pruritus associated with biliary disease

*Note: Can worsen suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation

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18
Q

Colesevelam (Welchol)

A

Bile Acid Sequestrant

Helps rid body of bile salts through the feces.
-Treats hypercholesterolemia, biliary obstruction, pruritus associated with biliary disease

*Note: Can worsen suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation

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19
Q

Cholestryamine (Questran, Prevalite)

A

Bile Acid Sequestrant

Helps rid body of bile salts through the feces.
-Treats hypercholesterolemia, biliary obstruction, pruritus associated with biliary disease

*Note: Can worsen suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation

20
Q

Colestipol (Colestid)

A

Bile Acid Sequestrant

Helps rid body of bile salts through the feces.
-Treats hypercholesterolemia, biliary obstruction, pruritus associated with biliary disease

*Note: Can worsen suspected bowel obstruction or severe constipation

21
Q

Lactulose (Constulose, Enulose)

A

Treats hepatic encephalopathy by increasing peristalsis to expel ammonia in stool.

22
Q

Pancreatic Enzyme Replacements

A

Increases pancreatic enzymes to improve nutritional status and reduce the amount of fatty stools.

23
Q

Pancreatin

A

Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement

Increases pancreatic enzymes to improve nutritional status and reduce the amount of fatty stools.

24
Q

Pancrelipase IPancrease MT, Viokase, Lipram, Pancrecarb MS)

A

Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement

Increases pancreatic enzymes to improve nutritional status and reduce the amount of fatty stools.

25
Q

Medications to treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis)

A
  1. ) Antimicrobials - Prevent infections
  2. ) 5-Aminosalicylates - Decrease gastrointestinal inflammation
  3. ) Corticosteroids - Anti-inflammatory
  4. ) Immunosupressants
  5. ) Immunomodulators - Induce and maintain remission
26
Q

Alosetron (Lotronex)

A

Treats severe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

27
Q

Lubiprostone (Amitiza)

A

Treats irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by increasing intestinal motility and passage of stools to reduce abdominal pain

28
Q

Tegaserod (Zelnorm)

A

Treats irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by decreasing visceral sensation and increasing GI motility and secretions

29
Q

Antiemetics

A

Used to control vomiting and motion sickness

*May cause drowsiness, protect from injury

30
Q

Bulk-forming laxatives

A

Absorb water into feces and increase bulk to produce large, soft stools

  • Contraindicated in bowel obstruction
  • May cause dehydration
31
Q

Methylcellulose (Citrucel)

A

Bulk-forming laxative

Absorb water into feces and increase bulk to produce large, soft stools

  • Contraindicated in bowel obstruction
  • May cause dehydration
32
Q

Polycarbophil (FiberCon)

A

Bulk-forming laxative

Absorb water into feces and increase bulk to produce large, soft stools

  • Contraindicated in bowel obstruction
  • May cause dehydration
33
Q

Psyllium (Metamucil)

A

Bulk-forming laxative

Absorb water into feces and increase bulk to produce large, soft stools

  • Contraindicated in bowel obstruction
  • May cause dehydration
34
Q

Stimulant Laxatives

A

Stimulate motility of large intestine

35
Q

Bisacodyl (Correctol, Dulcolax, Feen-a-mint, Fleet laxative)

A

Stimulant Laxative

Stimulate motility of large intestine

36
Q

Senna (Senokot Ex-Lax)

A

Stimulant Laxative

Stimulate motility of large intestine

37
Q

Surfactant Laxatives

A

Inhibit absorption of water so fecal mass remains large and soft. Used to avoid straining

38
Q

Ducosate sodium

A

Surfactant Laxative

Inhibit absorption of water so fecal mass remains large and soft. Used to avoid straining

39
Q

Osmotic Laxatives

A

Attract water into large intestine to produce bulk and stimulate peristalsis

40
Q

Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

A

Osmotic laxative

Attract water into large intestine to produce bulk and stimulate peristalsis

41
Q

Magnesium citrate (Citrate of Magnesia)

A

Osmotic laxative

Attract water into large intestine to produce bulk and stimulate peristalsis

42
Q

Sodium phosphates (Fleet enema, Fleet Phospho-Soda)

A

Osmotic laxative

Attract water into large intestine to produce bulk and stimulate peristalsis

43
Q

Polyethylene glycol and electrolytes (GoLYTELY)

A

Osmotic laxative

Attract water into large intestine to produce bulk and stimulate peristalsis

44
Q

Lubricant Laxatives

A

Soften the feces, ease the strain of passing stool, and lessen irritation to hemorrhoids

45
Q

Mineral Oil

A

Lubricant laxative

Soften the feces, ease the strain of passing stool, and lessen irritation to hemorrhoids

Adam G. (12 decks)

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