Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > GI Medications > Flashcards

GI Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What are two pathologies caused by the acidity of the gastric juices?

A

peptic ulcer
gastroesophageal reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are common symptoms of peptic ulcers?

A

upper abdominal pain
heartburn
vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux?

A

indigestion
epigastric pain
heartburn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are antacids?

A

used to chemically neutralize stomach acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

__________ is used primarily to treat minor and transient epigastric pain.

A

antacids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a byproduct of some antacids?

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are adverse effects of antacids?

A

constipation
diarrhea
acid-rebound effect
electrolyte abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which antacids are contraindicated with HTN and CHF?

A

Na containing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which antacids are contraindicated with renal calculi and hypercalcemia?

A

Ca containing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which antacids are a precaution with gastric outlet syndrome?

A

Al containing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which antacids are a precaution with decreased kidney function?

A

Mg containing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the mechanisms of regulation of gastric secretion?

A

histamine antagonists (H2 blockers)
proton pump inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do H2 blockers work?

A

bind with histamine receptors in the stomach without activating the receptor

this prevents histamine activated release of gastric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: H2 blockers are available OTC

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are specific H2 blockers?

A

-tidine

tagamet
pepcid
axid
zantac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are adverse effects of H2 blockers?

A

gerenally rare

headache
dizziness
mild transient GI symptoms
acid rebound

17
Q

What are proton pump inhibitors?

A

virtually eliminate gastric secretions

18
Q

___________ is more effective than H2 blockers

A

Proton pump inhibitors

19
Q

What is the drug of choice for long term use of regulation of gastric secretion?

A

Proton pump inhibitors

20
Q

What is the original PPI?

A

prilosec (omeprazole)

21
Q

What are adverse effects of PPIs?

A

generally well tolerated
acid rebound

22
Q

What is H. pylori infection?

A

gram negative bacterium often present in pts with gastric ulcer disease

23
Q

___________ may contribute to the formation of peptic ulcers.

A

H. pylori infection

24
Q

What are drugs used to treat gastric ulcers?

A

anticholinergics
metoclopramide (reglan)

25
Q

What are potential side effects of anticholinergics?

A

dry mouth
constipation
urinary retention
confusion

26
Q

What does metoclopramide do?

A

stimulates gastric motility

27
Q

What are side effects of metoclopramide?

A

restlessness
drowsiness
fatigue
some extrapyramidal symptoms

28
Q

What are opioid derivatives used to treat?

A

diarrhea

by decreasing GI motility

29
Q

Specific opioid derivatives

A

laudanum
paregoric
lomotil
imodium

30
Q

What are adverse effects of opioid derivatives?

A

nausea
abdominal discomfort
constipation
drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness

small risk of addiction with short term use

31
Q

What are the possible MOA of bismuth salicylate?

A

stimulate water and electrolyte absorption in LGI

may have antibacterial effects

may inhibit prostaglandins

32
Q

_______________ is the active ingredient in pepto-bismol.

A

bismuth salicylate

33
Q

What are adverse effects of bismuth salicylate?

A

possible toxicity in pts who are aspirin or salicylate sensitivity

34
Q

What do digestants do?

A

aid in general digestion
contain enzymes

35
Q

What are emetics?

A

used to induce vomiting

36
Q

What are antiemetics?

A

used to decrease vomiting
sooth gastric mucosa

Pharmacology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions